P3 AND P4 Essay

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Pages: 7
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Collect data from an investigation of the cardiovascular (P3) and respiratory (P4) system. Present your data in a table.

Name
Type of exercise
Resting heart rate, beats per minute
Post exercise heart rate, beats per minute
Resting breathing rate, breaths per minute
Post exercise breathing rate, breaths per minute
The difference between the resting and the post exercise heart rate
The difference between the resting and the post exercise breathing rate
Deepika
Rowing and cross trainer
77
120
12
16
43
4
Chloe B
Rowing and cross trainer
85
148
13
15
63
2
Chloe W
Rowing and cross trainer
64
183
12
17
119
5
Charlotte
Rowing and cross trainer
86
140
11
14
54
3
Luke
Leg press
80
144
12
14
64
2
Matt
Rowing
71
128
12
16
57
4
Anna-Leigh
Weights
64
123
12
13
59
1
Sam
Rowing
69
127
13
17
58
4
Amy
Cross trainer and treadmill
83
142
14
16
59
2
Jodie
Weights
80
100
16
18
20
2
Ollie
Leg press
58
141
12
14
83
2
Davey
Rowing and leg press
72
112
12
16
40
4
Josh
Rowing
84
190
13
17
106
4
Dan
Cross trainer and leg press
96
196
12
15
100
3

Using the data you have collected, explain how the changes in heart and breathing rates relate to the function of the systems involved.

The different exercises shown in the table have different heart and breathing rates. This is because some of the exercises are more intense than others. For example, Matt only did rowing and had a heart rate of 128 and breathing rate of 16 whereas, Amy did the cross trainer and treadmill, she had a heart rate of 142 and also had a breathing rate of 16. Amy’s workout was more intense than Matt’s as she did 2 different types of exercise, which resulted in her having a higher heart rate than Matt. Another comparison is Chloe W who did both rowing and cross trainer, her heart rate was 183 and breathing rate was 17. Luke did the leg press alone and had a heart rate of 144 and breathing rate of 14. Once again, this shows that the more intense your workout, the higher your heart rate is, and in this case, the higher the breathing rate is. The table also shows that the difference in resting and post exercise heart rate for the majority was mainly between 40 and 60, although there were the few that were higher or lower. One person had a heart rate difference of just 20, this shows that they did not do a very intense workout, as their heart rate only changed slightly, whereas another person, had a heart rate difference of 119 which is the complete opposite. This suggests that they did a really long and intense workout, which resulted in a high difference in resting and post exercise heart rate. The table shows that the difference in resting and post exercise breathing rate was between 2 and 4, although 1 person had a breathing rate difference of just 1. This suggests that the exercise they were doing, (the weights) was not very intense, therefore, they did not have a large increase in breathing rate, like the others. One person also had a breathing rate difference of 5, which is more than the rest of the groups, this suggests that they may have been doing the most intense work out, resulting in an increased breathing rate.

The more intense your exercise, the higher your heart rate and breathing rate are. When exercising, the muscles have to work much harder than they usually do. This means that more oxygen is needed and more carbon dioxide needs to be removed, so that the heart can pump more blood around the body and at a quicker rate.

The cardiovascular system;

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, the blood and the blood vessels, (arteries, veins and capillaries) When exercising the cardiovascular system has to transport oxygen and blood to the working muscles, remove any waste products and return the blood to the lungs so it can become oxygenated. The cardiovascular system immediately increases heart rate, stroke volume and systolic blood pressure. This helps the body as there is an increase in receiving oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. The rate of blood
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