When creating a fire was mastered, nomads were easily able to stay warm, cook their food, and use caves as homes. Fire was important because it cooked food so people were able to expand the list of edible food which was much easier to digest. In addition, nomads did not have to worry about shelter as they can conveniently start a fire in a cave. Tools were first made of stone but bones, ivory, teeth, and antlers were later used as people were able to create sharper blades, needles for sewing, and fishhooks for fishing. “According to the genetic and paleontological record, we only started to leave Africa between 60,000 and 70,000 years ago. What set this in motion is uncertain, but we think it has something to do with major climatic shifts that were happening around that time—a sudden cooling in the Earth’s climate driven by the onset of one of the worst parts of the last Ice Age. This cold snap would have made life difficult for our African ancestors, and the genetic evidence points to a sharp reduction in population size around this time. In fact, the human population likely dropped