Essay Pendulum Investigation

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The Simple Pendulum Investigation Sahildeep Binner
Purpose
To investigate the different factors, such as varying length, mass, and angle, that affect the period (Time) of a pendulum every 10 cycles.

Hypothesis I predict that the pendulum period will change by the length you add to the string. The more length, the longer period cycle. Also the mass will not effect the period since regardless of how heavy an object, everything falls at the same speed. Finally the angle will not make too much of a difference since I do not think it is a big factor.

Materials
1. 1 M String
2. Retort Stand
3. Mass Set
4. Meter Stick
5. Protractor
6. Stop Watch

Procedure
1. First of all, the retort stand was set up to create a simple Pendulum. The string was attached to the cork on the out most end of the retort stand.
2. We attached our desired mass wight (100g) to the end of the string.
3. Then, the string had been adjusted to its first height of 15 cm, measured using a meter stick.
4. Next, the 100g mass was held to a 30 degrees angle, from which it was to be dropped
5. The person with the stop watch counted down from 3, which was the signal to start the timer and drop the mass weight at the same time.
6. Once 10 cycles were completed (mass weight reached it starting position), we recorded the time it took in our data table.
7. We repeated steps 3-6, each time changing the height of the string by 10 cm.

Diagram

Data and Observations

Table 1: Pendulum Period versus Pendulum Length for a Constant Mass of 100g Estimated Uncertainty in Length Measurements: Plus/Minus 0.1cm Estimated Uncertainty in Time Measurements: Plus/Minus 0.1s
Pendulum Length (CM)
Time for 10 Cycles (Seconds)
Period T (Seconds)

Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Average

15
8.38
8.59
8.35
8.44
0.84
25
10.53
10.41
10.42
10.45
1.04
35
12.34
12.39
12.41
12.38
1.23
45
13.91
13.93
13.86
13.9
1.39
55
14.73
14.92
14.98
14.77
1.47
65
16.37
16.34
16.33
16.34
1.63
75
17.51
17.57
17.65
17.57
1.75
100
20.09
20.12
20.17
20.12
2.01

Table 1: Pendulum Period versus Pendulum Mass for a Constant Length of 65cm Estimated Uncertainty in Time Measurements: Plus/Minus 0.1s
Pendulum Weight (g)
Time for 10 Cycles (Seconds)
Period T (Seconds)

Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Average

50
16.21
16.19
16.2
16.2
1.6
70
16.62
16.65
16.6
16.6
1.6
80
16.63
16.6
16.64
16.6
1.6
200
16.51
16.55
16.58
16.54
1.65

Analysis

2. a)
Theoretical Prediction of Pendulum Period versus Length
Length (cm)
T = 2(3.14)sqrt(L/g) (s)
15
0.77
25
1
35
1.19
45
1.35
55
1.49
65
1.62
75
1.74
100
2
Conclusion and Sources of Error In conclusion, I learned about the different factors that affect a Pendulum speed. Not only does what I learned apply to this lab, I now know the impact different causes have on moving objects. The main effect is the height of the string holding the mass weight. As I predicted in my hypothesis, the longer the height of the
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