Pluto Battery Case Study

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The Pluto Battery Service Case Study
Being an Industrial Hygiene consultant at a state compliance program, I need to find out what caused of illnesses and come with the corrective actions that need to be taken before starting future operations. These are the following questions need to be answered to control future outbreak.
Assignment 1:
Answer 1 and 2
In the given scenario, during tapping operation workers were not using any personal protective equipment or protective respirators. The tapping operations produced lead dust, which caused inhalational of lead and it is the most common route of entry of lead into body. These could also lead to spillage on skin, which is the least common route of lead for entry into body. The plant was operating …show more content…
The Occupational Safety and Health Administrative (OSHA) agency and The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have set standard for lead exposure for adult is 10µg/dL and for children is 5µg/dL, but the standard for all other family members is 30- 110µg/dL. There was indirect exposure of lead dust by workers cloth, shoes, and possibly skin contact to their family members. There should be very low, but gradual raise in blood level of lead family members as worker himself has had high blood level of lead due to direct exposure.
Answer 4.
Some workers at plant have symptoms, but others were asymptomatic because of all workers were exchanged work sites regularly from time to time and therefore exposure of lead was not constant. It could be due to the variability in metabolism and absorption of lead in an individual. There should be high level of lead in blood for certain period for development of signs of chronic lead exposure.
Answer …show more content…
It helps in investigation whether they had been exposed to past, current or new exposure. It guides investigator whether new exposure occur in them then another industry in which they are working also not following the government guideline. Follow up for ex employees will give benefit for future investigation in case of outbreak of lead poisoning.
Answer B As I have mentioned earlier these are the tests other than Protoporphyrin/ heme test
1. Test for Iron deficiency: S. Iron, S. ferritin and Total Iron binding capacity. These tests help to differentiate other causes of anemia and lack of iron increases lead absorption from abdomen which can be prevented by blood transfusion later
2. Erythropoietin level: it takes 14-20 days to increase which give an indication of lead exposure period
3. X- ray abdomen: indicates foreign material of exposure
4. X-ray bone: lead line (increased density) in bone on chronic exposure of lead
Answer C Increased in Protoporphyrin level indicates iron deficiency, which is the main cause of lead absorption from gut, but man blood lead level is low, which is totally unexpected compare to woman, which has high blood lead level possibly due to other reasons such as pregnancy, thyroid disease. In case of pregnancy Iron absorption is high and in deficiency case causes high blood lead
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