Protein Synthesis Polypeptides

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Protein Synthesis Polypeptides are made from DNA.A polypeptide is a linear organic polymer consisting of a large number of amino acids.The amino acids bond together in a chain,forming part of a protein molecule.An amino acid is a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (-COOH) and an amino (-NH2) group.Firstly,the mRNA strand has to be passed through the ribosome.MRNA is messenger RNA that is a sub type of RNA.An mRNA molecule carries a portion of the DNA code to other parts of the cell for processing. The mRNA molecule carries a portion of the DNA code to other parts of the cell for processing.MRNA is created during transcription.During the transcription process,a single strand of DNA is decoded by RNA polymerase,and mRNA is then

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Biology Chap 5 Essay

Molecules 4 major groups carbohydrates lipids (not made of polymers) proteins nucleic acids Carbs, Proteins, & Nucleic Acid are huge- known as macromolecules The architecture of a large biomolecule plays a vital role in the function 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers Polymer- long molecule constituting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds Made up of monomers The synthesis and breakdown of polymers Processes are facilitated by enzymes; specialized…

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Biology: Dna and Gene Expression Essay

Transcriptional control | All regulatory proteins have common DNA binding motifs, which are particular bends in their protein chains that permit them to interlock with the | Major groove of the DNA helix | Regulatory proteins shut off transcription by binding to a site immediately in front of the promoter and often even overlapping the promoter. This site is referred to as the | Operator site | Enhancers are the binding sites for the | Gli proteins | DNA methylation, adding a methyl group…

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Bio 109 Macromolecules Essay

Biological Macromolecules: Four Classes Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids 1 Polymers • Most large biological molecules are polymers • An immense diversity of polymers can be built from just a small set of monomer building blocks • Simple parts build complex structures 2 Principles of Polymers • Polymer: a large molecule consisting of many identical or similar subunits connected together • Polymer: poly=many; mer=unit or part • Most biological macromolecules are polymers • Monomer: unit or building block molecule…

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Molecular Biology: The Study Of Heredity At The Molecular Level

daughter strands. 14)transcription- The synthesis of of RNA under the direction of DNA. 15)translation- The synthesis of proteins under the direction of RNA. 16)triplet code-The genetic instructions for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain are written in DNA and RNA as a series of nonoverlapping three-base “words.” 17)codons- The words triplet code is written in. 18)genetic code- the set of rules that relate codons in RNA to amino acids in proteins. 19)RNA polymerase- An enzyme that links…

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Organic Molecules - Chemistry/AP Bio Essay

Chapter 3 Review – Test on Tuesday October 7, 2014 How are macromolecules formed? Answer: Dehydration Synthesis Dehydration – Remove water Synthesis – To make or form Also called “Condensation Reaction” Forms polymers by combining monomers by “removing waters” How are macromolecules separated or digested? Answer: Hydrolysis Separates a polymer into monomers by “adding water” Releases monomers and energy Carbohydrates Monosaccharaide – one sugar unit Examples include: Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)…

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A&P 1 Study Guide Essay

function. Gross Anatomy-(Macroscopic anatomy) examines large, visible structures. Microscopic anatomy-examines cells and molecules 1. Chemical Level-Examines atoms and how they combine to form the molecules of the human body (water, sugar, protein, DNA). Atoms are the smallest chemical units. 2. Cellular Level-Examines cells (the most basic structural and functional unit of any living thing). Groups of atoms, molecules, and organelles working together. 3. Tissue Level-Examines the 4 types…

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Biology: Mrna Essay

5.1: One-Gene-One Polypeptide Hypothesis * Gregor Mendel’s factors, now known as gene are responsible for directing the production of proteins. What Do Proteins do? * Enzymes that catalyze reactions. * Determine physical characteristics, phonotypical characteristics. * Manifest genetic disorders by their absence or presence. * Create hormones and antibodies. What was Garrod’s hypothesis? * One gene creates one Enzyme. * Error in gene results in error in enzyme. *…

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Macromolecules: Amino Acids Essay

1.3 – Macromolecules Macromolecules: - large molecules composed of repeating sub-units - Four major classes: - carbohydrates - proteins - lipids - nucleic acids Reactions: - Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction) - two subunits linked through the removal of a water molecule - absorbs energy - Hydrolysis Reaction - two subunits break apart by addition of a water molecule - releases energy Nutrients: - Food  Energy - healthy body requires about 50…

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Protein Structure

Proteins are reasonably large macromolecules comprised of one or more long amino acid chains. They are in every living organism and play a vital role in almost every biological process. They are involved in responding to stimuli, DNA replication, the transportation of molecules to another location, and they act as catalysts for metabolic reactions. In relation to protein structure it is much more complex than when we talk about the structure of smaller molecules because proteins have four different…

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bio 139 study notes Essay

alleles of the same gene; if the hybrid has a wild phenotype, then the recessive mutations are alleles of different genes  Most genes are encoded polypeptides  In homozygous condition, recessive mutations often abolish or diminish polypeptide activity  Some dominant mutations produce a polypeptide that interferes with the activity of the polypeptide encoded by the wild-type allele of a gene  Epistasis- interactions between products of nonallelic genes. Genes suppressed are said to be hypostatic…

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