Racism In Maryland

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Although the capital of Maryland since 1694, Annapolis by mid-nineteenth century was a small town tied to seafood from the Chesapeake Bay and tobacco from its soil. The economy was similar to the South, but dependent upon Baltimore markets which tended to supply northern cities. The population of Annapolis in the 1860 census was 4,658, of which 3,127 were white, while 1,531 were black. Of the blacks 1,056 were free while 475 were slaves. In Anne Arundel County the population was 23,900 with 11,704 white and 12,196 black. Of the blacks, 7,332 were slaves and 4,864 were free. Maryland had more free-blacks than any other state.

While a majority of the white citizens held southern convictions, many of the powerful politicians and …show more content…
The state legislature met only every other year and the final session before the war, in 1860, ended with the shooting of the speaker of the house in the state house corridors. E. G. Kilbourne from Jessup in Anne Arundel County was wounded by the pistol shot of an angry lobbyist. Kilbourn, an ardent Confederate sympathizer, survived the attack and later supported the southern cause by melting the lead from the drain gutters of his home to be sent south for the molding of bullets. …show more content…
The railroad gave rapid access for travelers going from Annapolis to Washington. This was an important factor in the Union decision to bring Federal troops into Annapolis en route to Washington.

Thirdly, Annapolis’ geographical location gave the city direct access to the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. Annapolis had been an important seaport since early colonial days. With the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, opened in 1830, ships could travel from New York or Philadelphia directly into the northern Chesapeake Bay and reach Baltimore or Annapolis without traveling down the Atlantic Ocean to the mouth of the Bay. Annapolis was also within 30 miles of both Washington and Baltimore, which added to the strategic importance of its geographic location.

Fourthly, the United States Naval Academy was established at Annapolis in 1845, which gave Union forces access to a federal facility with no state control over its use. Union troops could land at the Academy without the permission of the state of
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