In 1189 the King of England and the King of France set out on the Third Crusade, an ambitious, and perhaps the greatest expedition in Medieval European history. The Crusades were medieval military expeditions declared by the Pope in the name of God. Both kings took to the cross and endured this Crusade of reclaiming the Holy Land of Jerusalem, yet history depicts both men very differently. Richard I the Lionheart, the King of England, is the most renowned monarch of medieval England. Many books, movies, and television series have been made about this distinguished crusader, and he is portrayed as “a model of kingly virtues because of his military exploits, chivalric courtesy and crusading ardour.” Over the years, historian views on Richard’s
