Sapolsky begins his talk with describing a fantasy he has dreamt of since he was a child. It is a scene where he breaks into Adolf Hitler's bunker, cuffs him, and then proceeds to do gruesome things to him. If this was actually done, it would be considered heroic. However, in another situation, he told everyone to imagine they were walking down the street, and a person was running towards them with what appeared to be a gun, so you shoot, and upon closer inspection, the "gun" was a cell phone. He goes on to state that if the person running towards you was a man, and perhaps a different race, our biological predispositions would make us more likely to shoot. Sapolsky goes on to say how when it is the right kind of violence, it is completely fine, in fact, we praise it, but when the same kind of violence is performed in another situation, it is punishable. So, this brings him to the question of what goes on in our brain when we are in these situations? He begins in the first second before a behavior is provoked, leading us to the