in an everyday natural setting. Laboratory settings are often low in Ecological Validity and therefore behaviour is unnatural. Ethics: To do with rights and wrongs. Psychologists must follow ethical guidelines to reduce the chances of deception/ danger/damage. Ethical Guidelines are laid down by the British Psychological Society. Only being able to interpret the a situation from your own point of view. Extraneous Variables: These are variables that are controlled by the experimenter because they…
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that siblings and grandparents have a role in shaping an infant’s social interactions aswell. This crucial early socialization that takes place is to help develop social interaction between infant and other people these can be smiling, stranger anxiety, separation anxiety, and mutual reciprocity. [ (Birch, 2005) ] Bowlby was a keen theorist in attachment research and believed all these behaviours have survival value and are there to encourage closeness to the caregiver. [ (Birch, 2005) ]Bowlby’s theory…
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Attachment is defined by Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall (1978) and Bowlby (1969/1982) as cited in Kennedy (2004, p.247) as a very affectionate bond that is experienced by the child and his/her mother or any primary caregiver, it is characterized by the fact that a child particularly direct attachment behaviors to his/her caregiver and the caregiver responds to such behaviors and that thus causes the two to be in a very close relation with one another. These attachment behaviors that the child…
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Unit 1: Children and Society/Introduction to Working with Infants and Young Children 1. Defining Childhood It is the time or period between infancy and adolescence. This time is characterised by rapid growth, rapid learning and a mystery of skills necessary for survival and everyday life. 2. Preparation in becoming a parent (challenges and rewards) Challenges: Losing sleep, free time, doesn't know how to handle the child, no more social life. Rewards: Proud feeling when the child successfully…
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What is child development ? Child development is a process that every child goes through. This process involves learning and mastering skills like sitting, walking, talking and skipping. A Childs development is ongoing and can be measured in a number of different ways. Although all children develop in different ways and at different speeds, the sequence in which they develop will be usually be the same as they need to have developed one skill before developing another, for example a child…
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The Theme of Coming of Age in Literature There comes a time is each person's life when they reach the point where they are no longer children, but adults. The transition from a child into a young adult is often referred to as the "coming of age," or growing up. The time when this transition occurs is different in everyone, since everyone is an individual and no two people are alike. Certain children reach this stage through a tragic, painful event which affects them to such extent that…
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CYP Core 3.3: Understand how to safeguard the well being of children and young people 1.1 The Children Act 1989 – Local authorities, courts and parents, together with other agencies in the UK were allocated duties to ensure children and young people are safeguarded, and to promote their welfare. The idea is that children and young people are best cared for within their own families, but provisions are made for those parents and families that are unable to co-operate with statutory bodies. Any examples…
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by trivial provocation; some of these attacks are preceded by a period of increased anxiety and tension that are obvious to others. Psychological Psychoanalytic Murderous impulses are believed to occur when there is a basic weakness of the ego or when the function is impaired by fatigue, physical illness, alcohol and drugs. In addition, there could be a malfunction of the superego caused by prolonged separation from the mother, unloving parents, criminal parents and a great deprivation during…
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I. INTRODUCTION Objective I.1 Define psychology: the science of behavior and mental processes. |Margin Learning Question(s) (if applicable) |Page(s) | |None | | Key Terms Psychology: the science of behavior and mental processes. Exercises 1. Put a check mark…
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Divorce and out-of-wedlock childbearing are now epidemic in American society. Both forms of disrupted families are harmful to children and to society. The children of single parents are more likely to do poorly in school, commit crimes, and become single parents themselves. In addition, the increase in single-parent families contributes to such social problems as poverty, crime, and a decline in the quality of public education. Divorce and out-of-wedlock childbirth are transforming the lives of…
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