Formulation and Characterization of Starch Nanoparticles for Controlled Release of Doxorubicin
Siva Samraj Raveendran1, Nagaraj Subramani1, Shiek Abdul Rahman Mohamed Farook1, Sasikumar Palsamy*
* Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Kothandaraman nagar, Dindigul-624622, Tamilnadu.
1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Kothandaraman nagar, Dindigul-624622, Tamilnadu.
Abstract:
Nanoparticles synthesised from starch provides enhanced solubility of Doxorubicin in the aqueous solution. Various parameters like presence of organic solvent, surfactant concentration, loading efficiency, doxorubicin concentration affects the size of doxorubicin-starch…show more content… The loading of Doxorubicin in situ on to starch to form Doxorubicin loaded starch nanoparticles was alone by precipitation of the preformed polymer particles and by water oil emulsion method. This provides a major advantage that there is no need of any organic solvent and no rising temperature for preparation of nanoparticles. It requires only small amount of organic solvent like ethanol to remove oily residues and also surfactants during precipitation process. The type of surfactant used plays a major role in the loading efficiency of doxorubicin-starch nanoparticles as these surfactants should be non-ionic and nontoxic in nature. Also surfactant concentration determines the particle diameter. The anticancer drug loaded in situ in to starch is doxorubicin which is a widely used drug for chemotherapy in treating leukaemia, lymphomas, soft tissue carcinomas, bladder and breast cancers. Recent investigations in anticancer research have coupled doxorubicin with monoclonal antibody to eliminate HIV-1 in mice. Doxorubicin is a vesicant (i.e.) it is a chemical that causes tissue damage if it blisters out from vein. Doxorubicin should be carefully encapsulated in to starch so that when it targets cancer tissue it does not cause damage to normal…show more content… The surfactant was initially added to ethanol to form ethanolic surfactant. 15 ml of ethanolic surfactant solution was added with 1 ml of doxorubicin, followed by the addition of 5 ml of oil and the mixture was stirred for 2 hrs at room temperature. Then 1% starch solution was prepared by using double distilled deionized water. 1 ml of starch solution was added drop wise to the mixer and stirred continuously for 2 hrs, doxorubicin was loaded insitu with starch nanoparticles. The doxorubicin loaded nanoparticle mixture solution was centrifugated so that the doxorubicin loaded starch nanoparticles were formed as precipitate. The pellet was nanoparticles. And the nanoparticles were washed 2-3 times with ethanol to remove excess of doxorubicin that was present at the surface of the doxorubicin loaded starch
