An estimated 278,586 people were murdered. Also, there were between 8,000 and 20,000 rapes that occurred (Levine 223). The survivors of Nanking had to start over with nothing. Many had severe depression and other issues because of what they encountered. The people had to learn to cope with the tragedy they went through (Levine 234). However, after the trauma they still had left to move on from, many thought an apology was needed. The Chinese however, did not receive anything from Japan (Levine 235). To pay tribute and show respect for the more than 300,000 victims who faced immense torture during the Nanking Massacre, a Memorial Hall was built. This is a way for the people to have a little bit of closure after what happened (Brook). Even though China did not get an apology, they still want to make it known what happened to hopefully stop something like this from happening