Symbiogenesis, or endosymbiotic theory, is an evolutionary theory that explains the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotes. This theory states that several key organelles of eukaryotes originated as a symbiosis between separate single-celled organisms. “This theory was first articulated in 1905 and 1910 by the Russian botanist Konstantin Mereschkowski, and advanced and substantiated with microbiological evidence by Lynn Margulis in 1967.”(wiki.org)
While beginning research on the origin of eukaryotic cells, Dr. Margulis compiled data about prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and organelles. She proposed that the similarities between prokaryotes and organelles, together with their appearance in the fossil record, could best be explained by "endosymbiosis". Endo meaning “within”, Cyto meaning “cell”(Endocytosis meaning a process of “cell eating”, the cells are engulfed, but then usually digested as food.),…show more content… Whereas mitochondria produced energy for the cells, chloroplasts produce “fuel”(food) for the mitochondria to turn into energy. Chloroplasts help turn sunlight into food that can be used by the cell, a process known as photosynthesis. Similar to the mitochondria, the chloroplast has an inner and outer membrane. Inside those membranes are its different parts, which include thylakoids and stroma. “Chlorophyll molecules on the thylakoids capture sunlight and begin the process of photosynthesis.”(KahnAcademy.com) The molecules created by this reaction then move to the stroma, which synthesizes the sugars and changes the CO2. Chloroplasts convert energy, having its own DNA(Deoxyribonucleic Acid), enclosed by two membranes, O2(oxygen) and CO2(carbon dioxide) are involved, and they have fluids inside of it. Chloroplasts are usually found in plants and unicellular organisms, converts solar/light energy into chemical energy (sugar), and the process used is
