Begin by pulling slightly on his leadrope in the direction of his body to get him to back up. When he does this, firmly tap on his chest with one or two fingers and use the short command “back.” As you repeat this your horse will begin to associate a touch to the chest and a verbal command with backing up. Reward him as you are teaching these commands. Eventually, you will be able to use the physical and verbal command without having to pull on the leadrope. After a few days of practice you will be able to tap firmly on his chest and he will back up, without a leadrope or a verbal command