During the 19th century technological innovations trolleys, railroads, and the automobiles led to the transformation of cities and the building of suburbia. In the beginning of the19th century, the main mode of transportation was the horse and carriage. It wasn't until the later in the century that railway changed people's lives and habits. But even after the arrival of the railway, remote areas still relied on the horse for local transport. The 19th century was the era that properly introduced the transportation. Railroads and railways connected many secluded cities by providing fast and convenient modes of land-based transportation, while government-subsidized steamships and passengers to remote coastal settlements and urban centers.…show more content… Nicolaides and Andrew Wiese, chapter 3 entitle: Technology and Decentralization the authors explain “The walking city of the early nineteenth century was actually several cities with different boundaries for different appeared, many individuals were accustomed to occasional long trips, and few were involved in routine travel. The shift from walking to riding was revolutionary because it combined distance and regularity. The exceptional trip became ordinary’ the range of ordinary trips expanded. The initial pressure for removing these various limits of walking mobility arose from the fringe, and arose naturally from its economic and social interests.” As the authors explain before this big transportation revolution the people were already accustomed to the long trips and the time that each trip would take them to do, they did not care about the time because this was the only form of transportation that there…show more content… This laws created “zones” where only specific people could live and it did not matter if they have the money or the economic means to but there, the real estate agents wouldn’t allow certain races to live in these suburbs because they believed that it would take out the meaning of what they developers wanted to do in the first place. Many white suburbanites saw self-governing as a means of keeping out people who weren’t able to afford a suburban property. Federal grants for suburban development enhanced this process as the practice of redlining by banks and other lending institutions. Many banks and many other industries used redlining to segregate residential areas by denying the services to African Americans and other racial groups. They used the term “Restrictive Covenant” that was a restriction to sale to certain groups also African
