Temperature and Ideal Gas Essay examples

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Chapter 19
Temperature
Multiple Choice
1.
In order to understand the concept of temperature it is necessary to understand
a.the zeroth law of thermodynamics.
2.In order for two objects to have the same temperature, they must
a.be in thermal equilibrium.
3.A pressure of 10 mm Hg is measured at the triple-point of water using a constant-volume gas thermometer, what will the pressure be (in mm Hg) at
50°C?
d.11.8
4.A pressure of 10 mm Hg is measured using a constant-volume gas thermometer at a temperature of 50°
C. What is the pressure (in mm Hg) at the zero-point temperature?
c.8.5
5.A temperature difference of 5 K is equal to
b.a difference of 9 on the Fahrenheit scale.
6.A thermometer registers a change in temperature of 100° F. What change in temperature does this correspond to on the Kelvin Scale?
d. 55.6
7.Helium condenses into the liquid phase at approximately 4 K. What temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, does this correspond to?
d.–452
8.Two thermometers are calibrated, one in degrees Celsius and the other in degrees Fahrenheit. At what temperature (in kelvins) do their readings measure the same temperature?
b.
233.15
9.A child has a temperature of 104° F. What is the temperature in degrees kelvin?
d.
313
10. At what temperature is the Celsius scale reading equal to twice the Fahrenheit scale reading?
a.–12.3°F
11. A bridge is made with segments of concrete 50 m long. If the linear expansion coefficient is 12×10–6(°C)–1, how much spacing (in cm) is needed to allow for expansion during an extreme temperature change of 150°F?
d.5.0
12.A building made with a steel structure is 650 m high on a winter day when the temperature is 0°F. How much taller (in cm) is the building when it is 100°F?
(The linear expansion coefficient of steel is 11×10–6(°C)–1.)
c.40
13.A gallon container is filled with gasoline. How many gallons are lost if the temperature increases by 25°F? (The volume expansion of gasoline is(°C)410 6.9−×–1.) (Neglect the change in volume of the container.)
b.1.3×10–2
14.An auditorium has dimensions 10 m×10 m×60 m. How many moles of air fill this volume at STP?
d.2.7×105
15.An auditorium has a volume of 6×103m3. How many molecules of air are needed to fill the auditorium at STP?
a.1.6×1029
16.One mole of an ideal gas is held at a constant pressure of 1 atm. Find the change in volume (in liters) if the temperature changes by 50°C.
d.4
17.One mole of an ideal gas is held at a constant volume of 1 liter. Find the changein pressure if the temperature increases by 50°C.
b.4 atm
18.One mole of an ideal gas has a temperature of 25°C. If the volume is heldconstant and the pressure is doubled, the final temperature (in°C) will be
d.323
19.A bicycle pump contains air at STP. As the tire is pumped up, the volume of air decreases by 50% with each stroke. What is the new pressure of air (in atm) in the chamber after the first stroke, assuming no temperature change?
a.2
20.A helium-filled balloon has a volume of 1 m3. As it rises in the earth’s atmosphere, its volume expands. What will its new volume be (in m3) if itsoriginal temperature and pressure are 20°C and 1 atm, and its final temperatureand pressure are –40°C and 0.1 atm?
c.8
21.A bubble having a diameter of 1.00 cm is released from the bottom of a swimming pool where the depth is 5.00 m. What will the diameter of the bubble be when it reaches the surface? The temperature of the water at the surface is20.0°C, whereas it is 15.0 C at the bottom. (The density of water is1.00×103kg/m3.)
b.1.15

22.A scuba diver has his lungs filled to half capacity (3 liters) when 10 m below the surface. If the diver holds his breath while quietly rising to the surface, what will the volume of the lungs be (in liters) at the surface? Assume the temperature isthe same at all depths. (The density of water is 1.0×103kg/m3.)
a.5.9
23.Two identical containers,AandB , hold equal amounts of the same ideal gas atthe samePo ,V oandT oThe pressure of A then decreases by a half while itsvolume
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