The Stamp Act of 1765, imposed by Grenville to raise revenues to support the new military force, was one of the causing factors of the eventual political division. This was a law that affected everyone; it mandated the use of stamped paper or the attachment of stamps to every piece of paper. Even though Grenville thought these measures were reasonable and just, the Americans perceived it as a violation of their local liberties and felt it jeopardized the basic rights of the colonists as Englishmen. Britain created Admiralty courts where juries were not allowed and the thought of “innocent until proven guilty” did not hold true. Many Americans protested, yelling “no taxation without representation,” but Grenville dismissed all claims, saying the colonists had “virtual representation.” Virtual representation meant that every member of Parliament represented all British subjects, even Americans in Boston or Charleston, for example, that had never voted for a member of Parliament; the Americans resented this idea and still clung to the thought of no taxation without representation. Because of the Stamp Act, a Stamp Act Congress was formed and nonimportation agreements were created, which offered new opportunities to participate in colonial protests. As a result of Britain’s restrictions, political strife was created between the colonists and their mother country.
After the Boston Tea Party, where one hundred Bostonians opened 342 chests of tea and dumped them all into the Atlantic Ocean, British Parliament responded by creating the Intolerable Acts, called the Coercive Acts by Britain, to punish Boston in particular. Britain completely revoked Massachusetts’ charter, giving the royal governor more control and the colonists much less control. This struck at the fundamental rights of life, liberty, and property, and the laws were so unbearable that the colonies joined together to protest. The most extreme of the Intolerable Acts was the Boston Port Act, which closed the harbor until damages were entirely paid for. On top of this,