The Classification of Cephalosporin Antibiotics Essays

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1. Cephalexin (PO)

• the drug group, cephalosporin antibiotics
• give indications for use
Cephalexin is used to treat infections caused by bacteria, including upper respiratory infections, ear infections, skin infections, and urinary tract infections. It works by interfering with the bacteria's cell wall formation, causing it to rupture, and killing the bacteria.
• usual adult dose
• 2 side effects
-confusion, agitation, hallucinations (seeing things that are not there).
-easy bruising or bleeding, unusual weakness
• any special considerations
Before using cephalexin, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs (especially penicillins), or if you have kidney or liver disease, a stomach or intestinal disorder such as colitis, diabetes, or if you are malnourished.

2. Digoxin (PO) belongs to a group of medicines known as cardiac glycosides. They work by slowing down the rate while increasing the force of your heart when it beats.It is used to treat certain heart problems, such as:
Chronic Heart failure
Heart failure is when your heart can't pump strongly enough to supply blood needed through out the whole body. It is not the same as a heart attack and does not mean that your heart stops. helps control your condition, but does not cure it. Therefore, you must take LANOXIN every day.
Irregular heart rhythms caused by an electrical problem in the upper chamber of your heart. They cause your heart to beat too fast or in an uneven way.
Do not take LANOXIN if you have an allergy to:
digoxin or other cardiac glycosides
lower stomach pain
slow or irregular heart beats (may be fast in children)
Liquid: (oral)
50 microgram per mL in 60 mL bottles with calibrated dropper. Do not dilute.
Tablet

Frusemide (PO)
This medicine is used to reduce oedema (swelling) by removing the excess fluid from the swollen areas. It is also used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) either alone or in combination with other drugs.It contains the active ingredient frusemide. Frusemide belongs to a group of medicines called diuretics ("fluid tablets").
Do not take if you have kidney problems or have no production or passing of urine
liver problems

low blood pressure

low sodium or potassium levels in your blood
dehydration.
Do not take this medicine if you are pregnant.
It may affect your developing baby if you take it during pregnancy.

• weakness, tiredness, drowsiness 
or lack of energy
• blurred or visual impairment

Metoprolol Tartrate (PO) BETALOC belongs to a group of medicines called beta-blockers.
It works by affecting the body's response to some nerve impulses, especially in the heart.
As a result, it decreases the heart's need for blood and oxygen and therefore reduces the amount of work the heart has to do. It also widens the blood vessels in the body, as well as helping the heart to beat more regularly.
BETALOC tablets are used to
• lower high blood pressure, also called hypertension
• prevent angina
treat or prevent heart attacks, or reduce your risk of heart complications following a heart attack
prevent migraine headaches
Do not take BETALOC tablets if:
1. you are pregnant or intend to become pregnant
BETALOC may affect your baby if you are given it early in pregnancy or in the last weeks before your baby is due.
2. you are breast-feeding or plan to breast-feed
• The usual starting dose is one 50mg or 100mg tablet once a day for one week. 
The dose is then usually increased to 50mg or 100mg once or twice daily.
• headache, tiredness, drowsiness, weakness, or lack of energy
• aches and pains, painful joints
• nausea (feeling sick), vomiting,
• stomach upset, diarrhoea or constipation, weight gain

Oxycodone (PO) OXYCONTIN tablets contain oxycodone hydrochloride. Oxycodone belongs to a group of medicines called opioid analgesics.
OXYCONTIN tablets are used to relieve moderate to severe persistent pain when other forms of treatment have
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