time in which monumental progress was made in the areas of penitentiaries and asylums, women’s
rights, public education, temperance, and abolition.
Reformers began to combat societal elements such as poverty, crime, and cognitive insanity by
establishing model institutions based on new innovative theories about deviants and the roots of
deviance. Those who investigated urban poverty and crime determined the origins of these problems
lied with a failure of parental discipline as well as innate sinfulness. Reformers therefore developed…
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