Since 1860, New York City has undergone profound changes due to urbanization, shaping its landscape, demographics, economy, and culture. In 1860, the city experienced a significant population growth, fueled by waves of immigrants, mainly from Europe. In present day, the cities population is still growing, but at a slower rate. The current growth has multiple reasons, immigration still being one, but internal migration and natural population increase also contribute to the growth. Urban renewal and redevelopment in the 1860’s were focused on addressing issues such as overcrowding, poor sanitation, and substandard housing through initiatives like the creation of Central Park and the development of tenement housing requirements. Urban renewals
