Daniel Garry
Honors Chemistry
Period 1
Titanium Facts!
Group
4
Period
4
Block d Symbol
Ti
Atomic Number
22
Relative Atomic Mass
47.867 atomic mass units
Number of Protons
22
Number of Neutrons
26
Number of Electrons
22
Melting Point
1670 oC, 3038 oF, 1943 K
Boiling Point
3287 oC, 5949 oF, 3560 K
Density
4.506 grams per cubic centimeter
State at 20°C
Solid
Family
Transition Metals
CAS number
7440-32-6
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d24s2
History of Titanium!
The first titanium mineral, a black sand called menachanite, was discovered in 1791 in Cornwall by the Reverend William Gregor. He analysed it and deduced it was made up of the oxides of iron and an unknown metal, and reported it as such to the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall. In 1795, the German scientist Martin Heinrich Klaproth of Berlin investigated a red ore known as Schörl from Hungary. This is a form of rutile (TiO2) and Klaproth realised it was the oxide of a previously unknown element which he named titanium. When he was told of Gregor’s discovery he investigated menachanite and confirmed it too contained titanium. It was not until 1910 that M. A. Hunter, working for General Electric in the USA, made pure titanium metal by heating titanium tetrachloride and sodium metal.
What does “Titanium” mean?
The name, Titanium, is derived from the Titans, the sons of the Earth goddess of Greek mythology.
Appearance!
A hard, shiny and strong metal. Properties!
The two most useful properties of Titanium are its corrosion resistance and the highest strength-to-density ratio of any metallic element. In its unalloyed condition, titanium is as strong as some steels, but less dense. Although they have the same number of valence electrons and are in the same group in the periodic table, titanium and zirconium differ in many chemical and physical properties.
Applications!
Titanium is as strong as steel but much less dense. It is therefore important as an alloying agent with many metals including aluminium, molybdenum and iron. These alloys are mainly used in
