His distrusting personality can be traced to the betrayals that he experienced from people around him and especially from those close to him during the ordeal of the holocaust. The effect of having to undergo damaging betrayal from a close friend, left him unable to trust any other person (Ewert 178). The heart break he underwent as a result of having those he considered to be close friends betray him altered his mindset and perception about trust and close relationships. He was already prone to being a distrustful person in his character but the experiences during the holocaust further enhanced his distrusting personality. During the holocaust, Vladek and his first wife Anja got a recommendation from their friend Mrs. Kawka for ‘reliable’
