Notes On Chemical Reactions

Week 9
Organisms
Chemical Reactions
CLICK link below to hear a Science Course Mentor provide an overview to this section,
“Chemical Reactions”:

http://wgu.connectpro.acrobat.com/p22134881/
Use Chapter 13 and Chapter 15, in Conceptual Integrated Science, to address the below items in your notes:
1. What happens during a chemical reaction? One or more new compounds are formed as a result of the rearagment of atoms.
2. Why is the law of conservation of energy important in chemical reactions? Matter is neither created or destroyed. The atoms present at the beginning of the reactions are still present after the reaction in different forms.
3. Explain how the following factors affect the reaction rate of chemical reactions:
a. concentration of reactants the concentration of reactants means that there is more reactants in a space for the other molecules to collide with them giving them better chance to react with each other.
b. Temperature the higher the temperature the more the molecules are moving causing the molecules to violently collide into each other. Giving them a better chance to bond together.
c. the addition of a catalyst by adding a catalyst you are increase the rate of the reactants by lowering its activation energy.
4. How can the addition of Sunlight affect chemical reactions? It provides energy.
Witch in terms provides heat and making the molecules vibrate a violent spead causing them to collide into each other more rapidly.
5. How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions in cells? An enzyme binds the reactants together. Amiig them a catalyst to lower the activation energy or reactions and allow them to happen more quickle. The cells need to have a certain activation energy in order for the reaction to happen. Most living organisms the reaction energy is very high and the ENZYME lowers the raction energy. 6. Compare and Contrast the processes of: Photosynthesis and Cellular
Respiration Photosysnthesis breaks down light energy and water to form food for trees. Cellular respiration the cells in living things break down food to get nutrients. Cells
CLICK link below to hear a Science Course Mentor provide an overview to this section,
“Cells”:

http://wgu.connectpro.acrobat.com/p39958887/
Use Chapter 15, in Conceptual Integrated Science to address the following items in your notes;
(Also available if needed as a resource to answer items in this “Cells” topic section is the Biology etext, chapters 12 & 13- the Cell Cycle and Meiosis):
1. Describe the characteristics of organisms (living things). They all use energy to survive. They develop and grow. Tey maintain themselves like growing leavea sn stems or skin and bones. They have the capacity to reproduce. They are parts of the population that evolve.
2. Compare and Contrast: Prokaryotic Cells (“before nucleus”) and Eukaryotic Cells
(“true nucleus”) Prokaryotic cells include two major lineages the bacteria and the archea. They are single cell organisms and are very small there structure is considerably simpler consisting of a cel membrane cell wall and DNA that is not contained in the Nucleus. EUKARYOTIC cells can be single cellular or the can have many cells. Yeast is a single cell eukaryotic cell. Plants animal and fungi are multi cellular eukaryotic cells. They have there DNA in a distinct nucleus.
They have numerous organelles that perform specific functions for the cell.
3. How do plant cells differ from animal cells?
4. Explain the various transport mechanisms the cell uses to transport specific types of materials:
a. Diffusion is the process that governs a way a substances can move in and out of a cell Diffusion is the tendancy for molecules to move from a area of high concentration to a area of low concentration. Diffusion is to move molecules into a cell.
b. Osmosis is the diffusion of water. They control the flow of water into the cell if to much water the cell could burst with to little they could shrivel up.
c. Facilitated diffusion cells need

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