1.8 S U M M A R Y Software is the key element in the evolution of computer-based systems and products and one of the most important technologies on the world stage. Over the past 50 years, software has evolved from a specialized problem solving and infor- mation analysis tool to an industry in itself. Yet we still have trouble developing high- quality software on time and within budget. Software—programs, data, and descriptive information—addresses a wide array of technology and application areas. Legacy software continues to present special challenges to those who must maintain it. Web-based systems and applications have evolved from simple collections of in- formation content to sophisticated systems that present complex functionality and multimedia content. Although these WebApps have unique features and require- ments, they are software nonetheless. Software engineering encompasses process, methods, and tools that enable complex computer-based systems to be built in a timely manner with quality. The software process incorporates five framework activities—communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment—that are applicable to all software proj- ects. Software engineering practice is a problem solving activity that follows a set of core principles. A wide array of