This staff was described near the beginning of the story as snake-like, which has obvious connotations of diabolism. The use of the figurative language of flying among the trees accompanied with the diabolic staff suggests the idea of a witch flying on her broom. The staff is a symbolic representation of the devil’s influence. Faith, Brown’s wife, and the loss of her in the woods is also symbolic. Faith symbolizes Brown’s faith, either in God or in the inherent goodness of humanity. It is the loss of Faith, his wife, that sends Brown spiraling into the depths of the forest, but this can also be read as the figurative loss of his faith in humanity that leads him into the “heart of the dark wilderness” (611). Which leads into the dark heart of the forest as another symbol. This physically represents the innermost part of the forest, but figuratively, it could be referring to the darkest and most diabolic part of human nature, another play on words considering wilderness is another term for