Africa: Sudan and Rwanda Essay

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Rwanda’s politics and government:

a.)
Rwanda has a fairly well constructed government system. The seven political parties that make up the Government National Unity of the Republic of Rwanda are: Front Patritique Rwandais, Parti Social Democrate, Parti Liberal, Parti Democrate Centriste, Parti Democratique Ideal, Parti Socialiste Rwandais, and Union Democratique du Peuple Rwandais. Additionally, the President is both Head of State and head of the cabinet, which consists of ministers who are responsible for the conduct of national affairs.

b/c.)
Rwanda’s constitution states that “political organizations are prohibited from basing themselves on race, ethnic group, tribe, clan, region, sex, religion or any other division which may give rise to discrimination". d.) How Rwanda’s government deals with civil conflict:

After the 1994 genocide, which took nearly 800,000 lives, the government created a three level judicial system so that they could deal with the 120,000 people accused of being affiliated with the killings. The United Nations Security Council established the first level, The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, in November 1994. It is where people accused of serious violations of international humanitarian law during the time the genocide took place, were put on trial. The next level is the national court system, which is where people suspected of planning the genocide or of rape were trialed. Lastly, The Gacaca court system dealt with those accused of all genocide crimes except planning it. If the person on trial wished to reconcile with the community, then they were given a lower sentence.

How Rwanda’s government deals with development of economic prosperity and human well-being:

One way the Rwandan government takes care of its people is by making sure they have access to clean drinking water. Over the years, they’ve invested a lot in water supply development. How Rwanda’s government manages cultural diversity:

Since the genocide, the government has changed its policy so that people can only be defined as one main ethnicity, “Rwandan”.
Rwanda’s development of economic prosperity and human well-being:

Rwanda’s economy is based primarily on self-sufficient farming. Over the years, there’s been a decrease in food production due to the resettlement of displaced people, making the country rely more on food imports. Today, Rwanda is trying to rebuild its economy by producing more coffee and tea, the two main sources of foreign exchange. Additionally, the Rwanda Innovation Endowment Fund awarded young entrepreneurs for creating projects capable of achieving sustainable socio-economic development for the country. According to Rwanda, “the projects to be funded in Agriculture, Information Communication Technologies, and Manufacturing will generate economic growth and employment; enhances productivity and through economic growth contribute to the wealth of our country.”

South Sudan’s politics and government:

The country’s constitution establishes a presidential system of government that’s headed by a president who is head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The National Legislature is comprised of two houses: a directly elected assembly, the National Legislative Assembly; and a second chamber of representatives of the states, the Council of States. South Sudan has been at war with several armed groups, which resulted in more than 600,000 being displaced. The fighters accused the government of plotting to stay in power indefinitely, and claimed that they weren’t equally representing tribal groups. Recently, The South Sudanese
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