The Berlin conference was the start of the political issues seen in Africa, as it created borders where there were none. This resulted in tribes, cultures, and kingdoms previously unaffiliated to be forced into coexisting. These tribes already had their own customs and religions. “There were several negatives of colonialism for the Africans like resource depletion, labor exploitation, unfair taxation, lack of industrialization, dependence on cash crop economy, prohibition of trade, the breaking up of traditional African society and values, lack of political development, and ethnic rivals inside countries.” As mentioned in this quote, among the list of negative effects of colonialism and imperialism was a lack of political development because the different tribes and cultures would disagree and fight among each other. This is important as ethnicity is a big part of African politics. Many governments in Africa face political issues, but it’s not only Africa that has faced political setbacks, as countries in other places such as Myanmar, Malaysia, and the Philippines face the