Apa Focus Questions

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MODULE 9

DOCUMENTATION AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
FOCUS QUESTIONS: After studying this instructional module, the students are expected to answer the following questions:
1. What is the American Psychological Association (APA) style of documentation?
2. How is the APA style used in documenting thesis and dissertation?
3. How is the Campbell, et al. style in documentation?
4. What are the different styles and mechanics used in research documentation?
5. How do you prepare bibliographical entries correctly?

DOCUMENTATION AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (APA) STYLE Although not a rigid rule, many schools prescribe the use of the APA style in writing. The decision to use APA style is a decision of individual schools. The APA style uses parenthetical documentation within the text. Instead of putting the author's last name and a page number in parenthesis, APA style places in parenthesis the author's last name and year of publication. Complete information about each source cited in the text are presented in the bibliography of the research report in alphabetical order (Fonollera, 1993).
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Parenthetical reference citations in the text. When you do not mention the author's name in your text, that name followed by a comma and the date of publication appears in parenthesis at the end of the sentence.

Example:
Organizational behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people act within the organization (Cummings, 1989).
2. Author cited in the text. When the author is cited in the text, cite only the date of publication in parenthesis immediately after the author's name.

Example: Cummings (1989) defines organizational behavior as the study and application of knowledge about how people act within the organization.
3. Author and date cited in the text. When the author and date are cited in the text, parenthetical documentation is not