Indians had a sense of bitterness towards the U.S. when they realized that America was not prepared to back up its supportive words with action, particularly if any actions involved political risk to the United States. An even greater aspect in this bitterness was U.S. support for British, Dutch, and French efforts to hold on to other colonies after the war. There is no evidence that Roosevelt’s statements of sympathy for colonial peoples were anything but genuine, but in policy terms Roosevelt was not prepared to jeopardize American peace for the sake of Indian