Quality assurance – A set of activities making sure that quality standards are met.
Quality control and improvement – A set of activities making sure quality requirements are met and continuously improved.
b)
2. SIPOC Diagram – It is a tool used to identify all relevant elements of a process improvement project. A high-level process map consisting of supplies, input, process, output and customers.
In relation to the “Define” phase of six sigma, a SIPOC diagram may help see the bigger picture and make it easier to define a problem in a certain process.
Restaurant Example:
Supplies – Kitchen, Uncooked Breakfast ----Process----> Confirming Order
Input – Cooking Breakfast ----Process----> Prepare breakfast plates
Process – Bring Food to Customer
Output – Being paid for service and food ----Process----> Check guest satisfaction
Customers – Guest of restaurant ----Process----> Treat guest well
3. Six-Sigma – a business strategy that seeks to improve business performance by identifying and removing the causes of defects and errors and reducing variability in key quality characteristics.
Factors to consider:
-Probability of success
-Impact on employees
-Impact on customers
-Financial return based on cost associated with quality
4.a) 4.5 sigma = 1300 ppm defective 6 sigma = 3.4 ppm defective
3.4 = 1300(1-.50)X
3.4=1300(0.50)X
X=8.58
b) 5 sigma implies 233 ppm defective
5. A)
The results of this chart show that the majority(96.2%) of the errors are spread between typographical, and proofreading errors.
B) $18,000 to allocate.
Error Categories
Frequency
Unit Costs ($)
Total Cost ($)
Allocation Priority
Allocation
Typographical
Proofreading
Paper tension
Paper misalignment
Inadequate binding
4000
3500
80
100
120
0.20
0.50
50.00
30.00
100.00
800
1750
4000
3000
12000
1
2
5
4
3