Drug category and characteristics: Crack cocaine is a highly addictive stimulant. Crack or crack cocaine is a form of cocaine. Crack is powder cocaine cooked with baking soda or ammonia and water. It is cooked until it has become an oil like substance, after which the heat source is removed and the oil like substance is left to cool. Most people at this point swirl the oil around so it dries to form a rock like shape, otherwise it would look more like a slate when dried. When fully dried it looks like an irregularly shaped white or off-white rock. At this point it is put into a glass like pipe heated then inhaled or smoked. It is called “crack” because of the crackling sound that it makes when being heated. Crack came about in the early 1970’s by American dealers. They found it by chance. They placed cocaine on tin foil then burned it to test its purity. They then discovered sniffing the vapors is an intense high thus the birth of freebasing cocaine. Being cooked in baking soda allowed easy transportation, packing and selling of the drug. When smoked users feel a “rush” followed by a sense of alertness and well-being. Cocaine increases levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which is associated with pleasure and increased movement. The pleasure effects of crack wear off quickly (5-10 minutes), causing users to feel down or depressed, more than before taking the drug (Helmenstine). Crack is highly addictive, possibly even more addictive than other forms of cocaine. Crack users are at risk for the usual effects of cocaine (dangerously elevated blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature, risk of seizure and cardiac arrest) as well as respiratory disorders, such as coughing, bleeding, shortness of breath, and lung trauma (Gibson,2012). Crack use can cause paranoia and aggressiveness.
Treatment:
While a person can check into a rehabilitation center and do outpatient treatment, it may not address all their issues. Inpatient treatment, on the other hand tends to be more comprehensive at nailing down all the behaviors and psychological issues that accompany crack addiction. Inpatient treatment has a number of benefits.
Individual attention- Inpatient programs will not only work to overcome the addiction, but also access the patient for mental, psychological, and medical issues. It is a targeted way to create a custom program to attend to all of a patient’s needs, not just their drug abuse. The programs seemed to be reviewed periodically and modified to attend to the patients’ needs as they arise (The Greenhouse Addiction Treatment 2012).
Being Around Those Going through Similar Issues-Some inpatient programs cater to specific demographics, for instance, drug dependent mothers. Another instance of a special demographics is