Essay on Biology quiz review

Submitted By JerryRoy1
Words: 1198
Pages: 5
Open Document
Biology Quiz Review

Cellular Membranes:

Cell membrane is semi-permeable
Only lets certain things in
H2O small molecule…starch is huge

CM is a Mosaic
Mixture of two types of molecules, lipids and proteins
Movement within the membrane of these molecules
Fluid mosaic model: cell membrane very dynamic, not static
Phospholipid bilayer
Cholesterol
Oligosaccharides proteins 1. Two layers of lipids: phospholipid bilayer is amphipathic
A. Hydrophilic head-interacting with water
B. Hydrophobic tails-minimizing contact with water.

Phospholipid Bilayer

Polar heads interact with water
Non-polar tails have no way to interact-thus face inward
Water excludes non-polar molecules
Saturated fatty acids
Warm temps-straight saturated f.a. tails reduce fluidity
Unsaturated fatty acids
Introduces kinks reducing tightness
Enhances lipid mobility in membrane at cold temps
2. Cholesterol
A. Cholesterol embeds in bilayer and controls membrane fluidity
Cold temps-can’t pack-increases spaces
High temps-patch spaces
B. Cholesterol is amphipathic: consists of polar and non polar regions
3. Oligosaccharides

Glycolipids
Carbohydrate chain associated with phospholipid
Acts as recognition site for specific chemicals
Maintains stability of membrane by attaching cells to one another forming tissues
Glycoproteins
Carbohydrate attached to a protein
Play a crucial role in cell to cell interactions
Attach to integral proteins
4. Proteins associate with cell membrane in many different ways
Transporters-move ions
Channels
carriers
Receptors-allow cells to receive signals
Enzymes-catalyze reaction
Support & structure-anchor by attaching to other proteins
A. Peripheral
Temporarily associated with lipid bilayer or integral proteins
Internally
externally
Easily separated, leaving structure in tact
B. Integral
Permanently associated
Cannot be separated without destroying the structure
Can be transmembrane

Membrane Transport
Membrane structure/chemistry impacts transport
Phospholipid bilayer is primarily hydrophobic and semi-permeable
Hydrophobic due to fatty acid tails-majority of thickness
Semi-permeable because only some things get across easily
Small, non-polar, lipid soluble molecules travel readily
Gas exhange-CO2, O2
Ions and polar molecules inhibited
Na+, H+, glucose
Transported via proteins (encoded in DNA)
Many different types of proteins, not one single gatekeeper
Na+, glucose
Passive Transport: NO energy required (ATP)
Diffusion: random movement of molecules
If gradient (difference in concentration): net movement from highest concentration to lowest
Moves directly through lipid bilayer “with” or down gradient
May reach dynamic equilibrium
Permeate phospholipid bi (simple) or protein/channel (facilitated

Passive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion: random movement of molecules; from highest to lowest concentration
Moves through channel protein or carrier
In lab-plastic tubing with laser pores, but real cells need a transporter

Movement of Molecules

Osmosis: diffusion (passive!) of water across a semi-permeable membrane from area of high concentration to area of low concentration
Can occur at the same time as diffusion of solutes
Osmosis
H2O sometimes moves faster
Looking at movement of water=osmosis
Looking at movement of solutes= diffusion
More solute=hypertonic
Less solute=hypotonic
Equal=isotonic
Water may diffuse easily between phospholipids BUT more often facilitated transport via aquaporins
Water is polar and needs help getting through the fatty acids

Impact of Osmosis on cells

Net movement of water in response to differences in solute [] between cytosol and extracellular fluid (ECF)
Moving water much faster rate than solutes
LOTS of aquaporins

Active Transport: requires energy (ATP)
Transport from Low [ ] to high [ ]
Pump
Requires proteins and energy ( ATP or ion/electrochemical gradient)
Active transport: requires energy (ATP)
Show More

Related Documents: Essay on Biology quiz review

Sex-Linked Traits Through Meiosis and How It Relates to Genetics. Essay

|Principles of Biology | Copyright © 2011, 2010, 2008 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is designed to introduce…

Words 1614 - Pages 7

Umars Study Schedule Essay

to study Week 1, Day 1 You can use either Cliffs AP Biology 3rd Edition or Barron’s AP Biology. I personally used only Cliffs AP Biology 3rd edition. Using both would be best, but it is not necessary. I don’t recommend the 4th edition of AP Cliffs Biology, it was updated to eliminate much of the information in accordance with the new AP biology exam. ☐ Read AP Cliffs Ch. 1 “Chemistry” takes notes and memorize it ☐ Read AP Barron’s Biology Ch. 3 “Biochemistry” (notes are online on the dat bootcamp…

Words 3491 - Pages 14

Anatomy: Nervous System and Skeletal Tissues Ch Essays

Halifax, Nova Scotia Biology 2205.01 Dr. Sheilagh Martin TTh 430545 pm Evaristus C207 Office Hours By Appointment sheilagh.martin@msvu.ca Phone 457-5074 DESCRIPTION This is a general course on the structure and function of the human body. Lectures will introduce the general area to be studied, and supplementary reading may be undertaken to deepen the students knowledge of different topics. It is hoped that you will gain an awareness of and an appreciation for the marvellous…

Words 519 - Pages 3

Igl 101 Week 5 Assignment

She has turned in most of her work this last unit. ZOOL 115 – General Biology: Your overall grade to date is 179.3/305 58.78% D. These are your grades you got from the last two weeks: Exam 2 32.2 / 80 Quiz 6 8 / 15 Quiz 7 0 / 15 Quiz 8 2.5 / 15 ANTH 204 – Latinos in America: You have not turned in your Midterm Paper # 1 which was due on October 4th. Your instructor kindly gave you an extension…

Words 474 - Pages 2

Writing and Ap Biology Essay

John Jay High School AP Biology Summer 2013 Dear Future AP Biology Students: Welcome to AP Biology! It is hard to imagine that the school year is coming to a close and it is time to think about the 2013-14 school year. We are looking forward to another great year of AP Biology with another fantastic group of students. As you may know, there are some changes to the AP Biology program for 2013-2014, and we are ready! AP Biology is a challenging but very rewarding course and we will have…

Words 986 - Pages 4

2014Sylabus 30651 3 Essay

Semester: Spring 2014 Course Name: Adolescence Course Number: PSYC30651 Course Time: TTH 11-12:15 Prerequisite: General Psychology Grade D or Above Students who do not have the proper perquisite should deregister from the course. Books: Adolescence 14th Edition John W. Santrock (McGraw Hill) The First Part Last by Angela Johnson Downloads. Every Sunday night an email reminder will be sent to download the objectives for the week. Objectives will help you organize your note taking and…

Words 2223 - Pages 9

Bio101 109 Syllabus 3 1 Essay

11:00-noon and by appointment Textbook: What is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology by Jay Phelan Drexel Custom Bound Volume 2 Chapters 8-19 Supplementary Materials: Turning Point QT Clickers will be used as a means of continuous assessment of participation in lectures. The clicker will also be used to administer exams Course description: This course is designed to provide a topical and interactive introduction to biology for the non-major. The course will begin by telling the story of how…

Words 1207 - Pages 5

Week 2 Essay Quiz

BIOLOGY 110 (N0N-LAB) EFRAIN FUENTES ESSAY QUIZ 2 SHARON MARUSIAK 15 MARCH 2015 Nitrogen is an essential part of everyday life as it can be found in products such as ammonia, steel manufacturing, and coolant. It is also found in the atmosphere, soil nutrients, and oil and petroleum refineries. The element characterizes of nitrogen are colorless, tasteless, and odorless. These very qualities are what make nitrogen unique and desirable aspect to use in a wide…

Words 689 - Pages 3

Half Term Work Anything to Join Essay

Post 16 Innovation Week Year 12 Independent Learning Project [ILP] Remember to use the HELP DESK open every day 8.30-3.40 at HASN during Innovation Week Subject Biology | Teachers:M.McGann; S.Murphy; A.Fleck | AS | Staff responsible for marking:M.McGann; S.Murphy; A.Fleck | Project Outline:To develop a clear and structured understanding of three key areas in the upcoming F211 exam. | Date Set: Monday 19th NovemberSubmission Deadline: 4.00pm Monday 26th November | Task | Time Scale…

Words 708 - Pages 3

Notes On Chemical Reactions

“Cells”: http://wgu.connectpro.acrobat.com/p39958887/ Use Chapter 15, in Conceptual Integrated Science to address the following items in your notes; (Also available if needed as a resource to answer items in this “Cells” topic section is the Biology etext, chapters 12 & 13- the Cell Cycle and Meiosis): 1. Describe the characteristics of organisms (living things). They all use energy to survive. They develop and grow. Tey maintain themselves like growing leavea sn stems or skin and bones. They…

Words 1602 - Pages 7