Essay about Bog Bodies

Submitted By JPangy1100
Words: 899
Pages: 4
Open Document
Glossary

Aedes - The dwelling place of a god

Aqueduct – a system of tunnels, bridges and canals that uses a specific gradient and the force of gravity to provide water for the city of Rome

Castella – enormous cisterns used to house the water of Rome; located on the highest ground

Cloaca Maxima – the stream that drains all the valleys between the Quirinal and Esquiline Hills, running through the Forum Romanum and emptying into the Tiber

Curator Aquarum – Roman curator assigned to the maintenance of the city’s aqueducts and sewer system

Fistulae – the name given to the lead pipes that were used by Roman citizens to distribute water from the aqueducts

Pozzuolana – volcanic cement used to build the aqueduct structures

Quadrigaes- a two-wheeled chariot drawn by four horses harnessed abreast.

Euripus- a strait or channel with a strong current or tide

Topic 1: Water supply and Roman technology

The Aqueduct system

* Built from a combination of stone, rock and volcanic cement (pozzuolana) * Approx. 260 miles of aqueduct. Only 30 miles visible above ground * Built to carry the flow of water in areas where digging, burrowing or surface grades were problematic (eg valleys) * Maintenance was assigned to a Roman Curator Aquarum

* Water from aqueducts passed into catch-basins in Rome * Water from catch-basins would flow through canals and terracotta pipes to reservoirs * From the reservoirs it would flow through fistulae to Rome’s citizens * Waste-water collection system discharged waste into drains/sewer system (Cloaca Maxima) * Main outlet for drain system was the Tiber River

Drains and sewers (Cloaca Maxima)

* Sewage system * Drained the valleys between the Esquiline, Viminal, and Quirinal Hills into the Tiber River * Cloaca Maxima dried the Forum area so that it could be used as a civic centre

Topic 2: Leisure and entertainment in Rome

Circus Maximus (seating, attendance, activities)

Activities: * Processions * Gladiator combats * Chariot races * Races were extremely popular and supported by one of the four factions: red (summer), white (winter), spring (green) and blue (autumn)
Seating:
* Could seat over 250 000 people
Attendance:
* Admission was free. Anyone could attend the races; including the poor

In 46 BC, Julius Caesar lengthened the track and built an euripus or water-filled channel around it. In 33 BC, Agrippa sused seven bronze dolphins, and had another set of eggs placed near the starting gates to mark laps for the charioteers. After a fire destroyed much of the Circus in 31 BC Augustus constructed the pulvinar, a shrine built into the seating below the Palatine Hill, which was used as an imperial box to watch the games and where images of the gods were installed after having been brought in procession (pompa) from the Capitol.

Gladiatorial Contests in the Forum * Used to instil fear in citizens, even during peacetime * Gladiators were often prisoners of war or slaves
Ranks:
* Eques/horseman * Fought against other horsemen * Began matches on horseback, ended with hand-to-hand combat * Hoplomachus/heavy weapons fighter * Namd after the Greek warrior * Fought with a long spear and a short sword or dagger * Murmillo/”fish” * Wore visored helmet with a high crest * Had a large rectangular shield * Provocator/attacker * Most heavily armed gladiator * Retarius/netman * Quickest/most mobile of all the gladiators * Wore no defensive armour * Secutor/pursuer * Often paired with a retarius * Wears an egg-shaped helmet which gives little vision * Thraex/Thracian * Loosely based on the Tracians (former enemies of Rome) * Helmet was similar to that of a Murmillo * Most
Show More

Related Documents: Essay about Bog Bodies

Bog Mummies Research Paper

The average human body takes about 8 to 12 years to fully decompose to a skeleton, but in peat bogs around the world an average body can stay in the bog itself without decomposition for more than 4,000 years on average. These types of wetlands can be found all over the world but they are mostly found in northern europe. So don't try to go looking for any bog mummies around here. Even though we know a lot about these dead bodies the question still remains who exactly were these people? How did they…

Words 518 - Pages 3

History s Worst Jobs Essay

Ages. And in this the Dark Ages, there have always been plenty of gruesome and stomach turning jobs to do for any reasons. In the hundreds jobs, those three jobs mostly represent this periods: The Guillemot Egg Collector, The Viking Warrior and The Bog Iron Hunter. Firstly. The Guillemot Egg Collector was a worst job in the history; because of this is a very dangers job. The guillemot Egg Collector was defended the people collected guillemot eggs meant risking life and limb hundreds of feet above…

Words 506 - Pages 3

I M Nobody Who Are You Analysis

advertise and expose the nobody’s. She seems to be suggesting that these souls are something different. She furthers the idea of liberty and individuality as a soul. “How dreary - to be somebody!” She is saying that she does not want to be confined to a body. As a spirit or a soul you can be anything or anywhere. “How public - like a frog-”. “To tell one’s name”. A name is often thought of as a label stating who you are. She is implying that to expose oneself you can make yourself vulnerable to those who…

Words 513 - Pages 3

Hunting By Janice Dodson Summary

story gets very interesting very fast. Janice had to change out of her hunting overalls because according to her story, she had stumbled Ina mud bog along the fence, and got mud on the bottom half. Additionally, a bullet from a .308 rifle was found in the ground a few yards away, and on the opposite side, about 60 yards away and in a direct line with the body, was a .308 casing. Even more interesting was the fact the Janice's ex-husband had also been camping about 3/4 of a mile away from the Dodsons…

Words 598 - Pages 3

Palm Oil and Body Shop Essay

general ethical issues the Body Shop need to consider in its operational activities.This should include an outline of three ethical concerns, noting this should not mean that the business should be doing something wrong, just that these things are ‘concerns’ for it.EG * Reduce pollution by using non-fossil fuels. * Disposal of waste safely and in an environmentally friendly manner. * Sponsoring local charity events. * Trading fairly with developing countries Body Shop has decided to adopt…

Words 2475 - Pages 10

Bocksten Man

remains (approx. 500 words) The value of the remains to historians seeking to reconstruct past lifestyles and cultures (approx. 700 words) The nature and context of the remains (approx. 300 words) • The remains of the Bocksten Man were found in a bog in Varberg Municipality, Sweden • Found by Johansson on 22 June 1936 • The uppers parts of the man passed through the harrow were badly damaged while the lower parts were intact • Man was 170-180cm tall and slenderly built • Injury covering by 8…

Words 452 - Pages 2

Ancient History As A Multi-Disciplined Concept

from Ancient History, resulting in their operation as independent entities. Prior the this advancement, dating was relative and involved the comparison of related sites to one another, leaving a wide margin for error. In the case of the European Bog Bodies, carbon-dating was successfully applied to allow the verification of the age at which the people died, and how long ago they were buried. Modern forensic techniques have also been applied to the case of Phoenician child sacrifice. DNA evidence have…

Words 509 - Pages 3

Energy Drink Persuasive Speech

do they mean by these claims? Are we supposed to wait for a kind of Popeye and Spinach type of reaction, or do they merely quench our thirst and therefore make us feel better able to carry on? Tempted by the claims, I laid aside my usual bottle of bog standard drinking water one day and purchased the Stinger energy drink. and I have to be honest, it was extremely disappointing. Don't get…

Words 531 - Pages 3

Iskhala's Short Story: The Bog

curiosity of what lives in _The Bog_. So they did everything in their power to get her mind out of _The Bog_. So they had her training for hunting and to learn to be one like the Rangers that guard their town. But her interests still was still within that bog. One night she went out on her own, being only a child with a spear larger…

Words 872 - Pages 4

Essay about Girl: Water and Abiotic Factors

Aquatic Ecosystems Objectives B.4.1 Limiting factors. 4.5.1 Discuss the factors that affect aquatic ecosystems. THINK ABOUT IT We call our planet “Earth,” yet nearly threefourths of Earth’s surface is covered with water. Despite the vital roles aquatic ecosystems play in the biosphere, many of these ecosystems are only partly understood. What’s life like underwater? Conditions Underwater What factors affect life in aquatic ecosystems? Like organisms living on land, underwater…

Words 4642 - Pages 19