Calcium Research Paper

Calcium is one the most essential minerals in the development of human body. It is vital, because it aids in the development and maintenances of the bones in the body at it relates to human physiology. The human body needs calcium, which can be gained through food nutrients for building of strong bones and skeletal future development. The primary function of Calcium in the body is to harden the bone structure and supports the human body. Calcium is released from the internal storage in the endoplasmic reticulum; enables the bone to acts as a reservoir to all serum calcium level maintenance. Calcium helps in muscle contraction and relaxation, transmission of nerve impulses, bone formation, acts as a endo-second messenger. Also calcium acts as …show more content…
With this in mind, the conduct of information during nerves impulse may exhibit depolarization or hyperpolarization. Calcium channel will open when action potential takes place as axon terminal and, local depolarization interacts. In addition, when voltage gate opens, calcium will enter the presynaptic cell, because the present of calcium concentration is greater outside the cell than inside. When calcium binds with calmodulin, it causes vesicles to fill with neurotransmitter, which will move the agent to presynaptic membrane. Calcium formed a continuous membrane that is released into the synaptic cleft called exocytosis. The neurotransmitter diffuses into the synaptic cleft and binds with receptors channel membranes found in presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes. Neurotransmitters have small molecules which is acetylcholine or dopamine that is package in small vesicles. When acetylcholine is released by exocytosis at active zone, it associated with calcium channels. Neurotransmitter has large molecules that are made up of chains of amino acids which are packaged in large vesicles and released by exocytosis from the presynaptic membrane to the nerves …show more content…
Citrates bind up (chelate) calcium and inhibit the formation of clots. Calcium leads to activation of factor x. Calcium and other clotting factors activate an enzyme call prothrombin. Prothrombin converts the plasma protein prothrombin to thrombin. Enzymes helps clotting factor to occur only at the site of injury and not progress steadily down the vessel. Maintain muscle contraction and relaxation: The absence of calcium prevents interaction of actin and myosin. The present of calcium in the body initiate and enhance muscle contraction. During muscle contraction, ATP binds to myosin while myosin break band with actin and grabs another actin. The troponin pushes tropomyosin off the actin and activates myosin to binds actin and pulls it. Sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium that diffuses through the cytoplasm. When Calcium binds to troponin and triggers contraction and the intracellular level of calcium are high, calcium and phosphate ion combines to form hydroxyapatite crystals, which helps to promote breakdown of ATP and glycogen. Calcium helps in bone formation Calcium is a vital food nutrient and helps in bone

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