Cellular Respiration Lab Report

Explain why a simple exergonic free energy diagram would not be sufficient for cellular respiration with the following equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 +6H2O + 36 ATP
That shows the overall process of oxidation of glucose to release energy. Not really sure of the question/answer.
In terms of the cell respiration intermediary molecules, explain where the all the carbon atoms (C) in CO2 comes from when you exhale. Be specific.
CO2 which usually takes glucose and oxygen which produces carbon dioxide, water, and heat. This is makes ADP available to be made into ATP or other oxidation reactions. Carbon comes from fatty-acids or carbohydrates - wherever acetyl CoA in the Citric Acid Cycle came from. CO2 that comes out of the lungs, is mostly because …show more content…
+ H20 → ... + CO2

At the end of respiration what happens to the H atoms of glucose?
At the end of respiration the hydrogen that was in glucose combines with oxygen which becomes water. They are removed by NAD to form into NADH.
Compare the combustion of glucose in a test tube with the breakdown of glucose in the cell in terms of free energy, spontaneity, and activation energy.
The combustion of glucose in a test tube forms carbon dioxide, water, light, and heat. The breakdown of glucose in our cells captures energy in useable forms like ATP.
Explain the difference between substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.
Substrate-level phosphorylation is a direct formation of ATP from the reactions of a substrate, enzyme and ADP. Oxidative phosphorylation is an indirect formation of ATP from the proton.
Explain the functions of NAD+ and FAD and the need for them in cellular respiration.
NAD+ and FAD carry electrons in the breakdown of Acetyl CoA in the Krebs Cycle. This happens in the mitochondria’s second membrane. So it is basically the carrier and donor of electrons in the transport chain. This allows the electron’s energy for proteins to pump hydrogen ions into the two membranes for …show more content…
Pyruvate is a 3 carbon compound that now enters through two mitochondrial membranes into the matrix through a channel protein. Once in the matrix, the carboxyl group is removed and released as CO2, NAD+ is reduced and a special coenzyme called coenzyme A (CoA) is attached to the molecule. It is now a 2 C compound called “acetyl-CoA.”
At the end of Kreb’s Cycle explain what has happened to all the C atoms from glucose.
The two carbon atoms come from each acetyl group into the citric acid cycle. On each turn of the cycle, two carbon dioxide molecules are released but might not be the recently-added carbons though. Eventually the two acetyl carbon atoms will be released (later in the cycle) and all six carbon atoms from glucose are released as carbon dioxide.
Explain what is meant by an electrochemical gradient and proton motive force.
Electrochemical gradient is a combined gradient of concentration and electrical charge that affects an ion. The movement of protons and electron transport across the membrane which separates the charge across the membrane is known as proton motive force.
Compare the number ATP made from lactic acid fermentation to that of cellular respiration. Explain how muscles cells recover from lactic

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