Computer and Cpu Essay

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1. List and describe each component of a standard desktop PC.

Answer:

● Monitor
Monitor is used to display images on the Screen.
The function of a computer monitor is to display the output result to the computer screen. The monitor is a visual display unit, often called simply a monitor or displays a piece of electrical equipment which displays images generated from the video output of devices such as computers, without producing permanent record.
Outside the computing world, monitor is also used in supervisory roles, such as the government's financial monitor overlooking the banking industry, etc.
● Keyboard
Keyboard is a set of keys that allows you to enter data into a computer. Keyboard usually includes alphabetic, numerical, and common symbols used in everyday transcription.
The keyboard is used to type text and numbers into a word processor, text editor or other program. It is also used for playing games. A keyboard is also used to give commands to the operating system of a computer.
There are many different types of computer keyboards, such as wired, wireless, ergonomic, and multimedia.
● Mouse
A computer mouse is an input device that is most often used with a personal computer. It is also known as pointing device.
A computer mouse enables its user to move a cursor smoothly across the screen. It is an essential input device for selecting, dragging, hovering, and clicking. The mouse allows users to switch between applications, select options and buttons, and move around the screen. It is used to move between and select links on a website, buttons on an options screen, entries on a menu, and more tasks that would be far more difficult using a keyboard. It can also be used for playing computer games.

● CPU
CPU is the abbreviation for central processing unit. It is the brain of the computer. It carries out the instruction of computer program by performing the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system. CPU is the most important element of a computer system.
Primary functions of a CPU
Fetch
Fetching means taking the instruction from the memory. All the instructions are stored in memory. Each instruction has an address. The processor takes this address number from the program counter. Program counter is responsible for tracking what instructions CPU should execute next. Basically fetching means taking the instruction from the memory.
Decode
CPU understands instructions that are written in Assembly programming language. All the programs, that must be executed, are translated to Assembly instructions. Different CPUs understand different instructions, so Assembly code must be decoded into binary instructions which are understandable to your CPU. This step is called decoding.
Execute
During the procedure of instruction execution, three things can be done. Firstly, CPU can do some calculations. To execute calculations ALU is used. Secondly, CPU can move data from one memory location to another. And thirdly, CPU can jump to different address if it is needed. So basically, one of those three options is executed during this step.
Store
CPU must give some feedback after executing the instruction. The output data is written to the memory. In this phase program counter is incremented.
The two main component of CPU are as follows
The arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which performs arithmetic and logical operations.
The control unit (CU) controls the fetching of
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