Energy System Notes Essay

Submitted By Emma-Swannell
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Energy Systems
Even the involuntary muscles require energy
Energy is like fuel to a car
You put the fuel in and then burn it off
Energy = ATP
ATP is stored in our muscles

Foods
Carbohydrates – bread, pasta
Fat – avocado, chips, chocolate
Protein – meat, nuts, eggs, dairy

ATP Breakdown
Any muscular contraction (movement) requires the breakdown of ATP
Inside our muscles we have a huge amount of ATP; depending on the size of the muscle contraction alters the amount of ATP molecule breakdown.
In order to release this energy, only one ATP must be broken
If the ATP breaks off, the molecule is then called ADP
At some point, you have to resynthesize (rebuild) the ATP molecule
Sport is all about the breakdown of ATP and the resynthesize of ATP
If we can
If our body doesn’t resynthesize ATP quick enough we will fatigue and depending on the size of the muscle contraction will affect how well we synthesize

Rebuilding ATP
Just as much about food as the chemical reactions that take place inside our bodes
In the resynthesis process, the body breaks down the creatine which recombines the phosphate to ADP
Function of ATP
You muscle has a storage tank of ATP but we have to constantly resupply

Systems of ATP Production
Creatine phosphate system: anaerobic (ATP/PC system)
Lactic acid system: anaerobic
Oxygen or aerobic system: aerobic
Anaerobic = no oxygen required
Aerobic = oxygen required
There are 2 systems in our body that resynthesize energy

ATP/PC System

Positive
Negative
Used for really big muscle contractions. E.g. field sports, weight lifting
Only lasts for about 10-15 seconds

Aerobic System
Trachea – air tube
You can only get oxygen into your lungs with pressure oxygen bronchial lungs blood heart muscles resynthesize energy (ATP)
Max heart rate = 220 – Your age
Anaerobic glycolysis produces lactic acid
After a while, we physically cannot do any more.
This stems from our heart rate being too high.

The anaerobic threshold is the level of intensity that lactic acid builds up in the body at a rate that it can’t be diluted by oxygen. Lactic acid increases as the intensity of exercise increases and it is at the person’s anaerobic threshold they feel as though they can’t do any more exercise. Your anaerobic threshold can be described as the zone where your heart is working at 70-80% of its maximum heart rate (roughly calculated as 220 – your age).

When reaching your anaerobic threshold, breathing changes and a person usually takes more breaths and has trouble speaking in full sentences, for example: a runner breathing one breath every four steps might begin taking one breath every two.

To find your estimated anaerobic threshold, this can be done by doing a 10km run. Wearing a heart rate monitor, recording your heart rate every 2 minutes and then averaging the results will give a rough idea of your anaerobic threshold.

Practise Question 1

In the event of a game played by two teams – one with medium fitness but no subs and

GONNA BE LIKE

What energy systems you use in a game of touch footy. On Black Board there is an exam world note former for us to hand in.

What’s it all about?

- When you have a short, intense burst of exercise such as sprinting.
- You generate energy for this anaerobically or without oxygen
- When you stop exercising you are still breathing heavily

- Your body is taking in extra oxygen to ‘repay’ the oxygen debt
- Your body has worked anaerobically
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