Geography And Physical Geography: Understanding The Middle East

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Understanding The Middle East

Understanding the Middle East

Josh A. Snyder
S.N.H.U.
November 2015 The new borders created after World War 1created long lasting conflicts that continue to cause strife even today. At the end of WW1 the French and the British sat down to recreate the borders for the Middle East because they thought the local population would benefit from European rule. Prior to WW1 the region was based on tribal borders as represented by the following map.

After WW1 Mark Sykes was the representative for the British government, and Francois Georges-Picot was the representative for the French government, agreed upon new borders they had created in 1916; the problem for the locals were that they were straight …show more content…
The Middle East region represents an area of over 5.0 million square miles. Large deserts are common in the region, the Sahara Desert runs across North Africa, that have restricted mass settling to along the Mediterranean and in Egypt along the Nile River. The desert of the Arabian Peninsula is so inhospitable that it has been given the name "The Empty Quarter." In areas better served by rainfall and rivers (for example the Tigris-Euphrates river system, the Jordan River, and along the Mediterranean coast), where agriculture is abundant, mountain ranges exist in the whole region. Snow is a common sight in these mountain ranges. Looking at the ability to move through the region via water is affected by the presence of a number of narrow water passageways. The nation of has Gibraltar control of the water that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea. Other critical water routes in the region are the Suez Canal, Bab el Mandeb, a strait that separates the Red Sea from the Indian Ocean, and the Strait of Hormuz, which links the Persian Gulf and the Indian …show more content…
This growth was facilitated by the dramatic rise in oil prices, which were related to the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and the 1979 Iranian Revolution. As oil prices rose to new highs in the early 2000's, most countries in the Middle East benefited from the record setting revenues. Oil-producing nations benefited directly in the form of high export income which blasted the entire regions GDP through the roof. In addition to revenues being generated from high oil prices, these states had many job opportunities available because of the booming oil industries thought the entire Gulf. The non oil-producing Middle Eastern states also reaped some benefits from the oil-producing states. Many people who lived in the non oil-producing states relocated to the oil-producing states to work as teachers, and or construction workers. The money these migrant workers sent home to their families was a tremendous economic boost to the national income in states such as Jordan, Egypt, Yemen, and the Palestinian areas. During this period of economic growth, these non oil-producing states also benefited from increased levels of foreign aid received from their oil-producing neighbors. As a result of this newfound wealth, enormous social achievements occurred in the Middle East. For example,?infant mortality?was halved, and?life expectancy rose
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