Essay about Glycolysis: Cellular Respiration and Atp Synthase

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Chapter 9 Assignment Glycolysis is the process where glucose made during photosynthesis is broken down. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol and does not need oxygen to work. The process of glycolysis requires 2 ATP and glucose and uses it to produce 2 pyruvates, 2 additional ATP, 2 NADH, and carbon dioxide as well.

Pyruvate Oxidation occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria. Pyruvate Oxidation does not need oxygen to operate as well. The process of Pyruvate Oxidation needs pyruvates (produced from glycolysis) and uses it by oxidizing it, which then forms and produces acetyl- CoA. Citric Acid Cycle, also known as the Krebs Cycle, occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria. The Citric Acid Cycle does require carbon dioxide and water in order to operate. The Citric Acid Cycle uses ADP+Pi, and NAD+ in order to produce carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADH.

Oxidative Phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria. Oxidative Phosphorylation does require oxygen, but in extreme environments, nitrogen or sulfur is used. Oxidative Phosphorylation uses energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to produce ATP.

Fermentation occurs in the cytosol and need oxygen, but can use sugars in absence of oxygen to function. Fermentation uses the oxidation of organic compounds to produce ethanol, lactic acid, hydrogen gas, sugar, carbon dioxide and alcohol

ATP Synthase: ATP synthase is the enzyme that actually makes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP synthase uses the energy of an existing ion gradient to power ATP synthesis. The ATP synthase is in the inner mitochondrial membrane. A channel in the ATP synthase protein opens, and protons are allowed in. As the protons bind, the protein spins round. After a complete rotation, each proton moves to the inside of the membrane, where they are normally pumped back out. This

There Is No Paper, I Simply Need to Gain Access to Read a Review of a Poet

Cellular Respiration True or False. Correct false underlined words. Answers: 1. All organisms need energy to carry out life processes. True 2. Autotrophs make inorganic compounds that serve as food for them and for almost all of the other organisms on earth. True 3.Through the processes of cellular respiration, cells take glucose True and produce energy. 4. ATP is a portable form of energy “currency” inside cells. True 5. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into 2 pyruvates…

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Essay on Chapter 6 Cellular Repiration notes

Chapter 6: Cellular Respiration 1 DuBoff, B., et al. (2012). Neuron, 75, 618–632 The Key Concepts Cellular respiration breaks down organic compounds to produce ATP Transfer of electrons stores energy for chemiosmosis 2 What is Bioenergetics? The application of thermodynamic principles to organisms and biological systems The fundamental characteristics of all living things is the ability to carry out metabolism Without metabolic processes life would not exist 3 Releasing Chemical Energy…

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Essay on CASE STUDY 2

would have made it about 30 hours before she was discovered. Cellular Respiration Questions: Which part of cellular respiration uses 2 ATP and produces 4 ATP per glucose molecule? Where does this set of reactions occur in the cell? Glycolysis uses 2 ATP to produce 4 ATP and this occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell Which part of cellular respiration produces the most ATP? How does it work? Electron transport chain produces the most ATP. This chain works in a complex set of steps. A H gradient…

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Biology Notes Essay

Organic compound-a molecule consisting primarily of carbon and is made by cells. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates (sugars) are used for energy and can be used to create cell parts. Monosaccharides- consist of single sugar molecules. The main fuel source for cellular work. Can be turned into polysaccharides. Polysaccharides-two or more monosaccharides bonded together to form a polymer. Polymer-a chain of repeating subunits. Used for storing energy or building cell parts. Lipids Lipids-made mostly of carbon and…

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Cellular Respiration

Cellular respiration, or simply respiration, is defined as an adenosine triphosphate(ATP) generating process in which molecules are oxidized and the final electron acceptor is (almost always) an inorganic molecule (Tortora, Funke & Case, 2013). The movement of an electron transport chains plays a very vital role in respiration. Respiration is classified in two categories.’ The first category is if an organism requires oxygen for growth and survival; this category is called aerobe. The second category…

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Microscopes: Two Important Factors In Microscopy

protists and the large, multifunctional central vacuoles of plant cells. Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Energy Conversion Two organelles act as cellular power stations: chloroplasts and mitochondria. Chloroplasts = synthesis Mitochondria = harvests energy from sugars and other food molecules and concerts it into another form of chemical energy called ATP, found in most eukaryotic cells. Shared future is they both contain DNA that encodes some of their proteins. This DNA is evidence that evolved…

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Biochemistry-Metabolism Essay

of cellular respiration. It involves three steps, 1) glycolysis, 2) the citric acid or Krebs cycle and 3) electron transport system. The glycolytic pathway or glycolysis is a metabolic process that leads to the formation of the energy source adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the body. ATP is essential to the cell and the cellular processes used by the cell. The first step, glycolysis is the process by which each molecule of glucose is converted to two pyruvate molecules, creating two ATPs and…

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Exam 3 Study Guide Essay

Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and rely on other organisms -- both plants and animals -- for nutrition. 2. Define the terms cellular respirations, dehydrogenations, oxidations and reductions Cellular Respiration: Cellular respiration is the process by which the chemical energy of "food" molecules is released and partially captured in the form of ATP. Dehydrogenations: Dehydrogenation is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of hydrogen from a molecule. It is the reverse process…

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Glycolysis: Process Of Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis is one of four steps that completes the process of Cellular Respiration (Erster 14). It` is a process that breaks down glucose into pyruvate and ATP (Erster 15). Glycolysis itself takes ten chemical reactions to complete its process, and within that are two mechanisms are used in order to create ATP. During substrate-level phosphorylation, a substrate molecule gives up a phosphate, which is moved by an enzyme to ADP, and then it turns into ATP. This happens not only in glycolysis, but…

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GRT1 Task 4 Essay

the mitochondrial membrane to create a differential charge which causes ADP to be phosphorylated by ATP synthase and create additional ATP (approximately 34). Ultimately, 1 glucose molecule going through glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain can make about 38 ATP’s. (Energy III, 2009) Defect Preventing ADP from Converting to ATP Hypothetically, if the enzyme citrate synthase is defective, citrate would not be available to react to the next enzyme (aconitase) to produce isocitrate…

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