Johnson argued that the 1st amendment was particularly crafted to protect unpopular speech. The First Amendment says “Congress shall make no law…abridging the freedom of speech…or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redness of grievances.” Since the 1st amendment guarantees freedom of expression and the right to petition, it agrees with his argument. Johnson demonstrated his deep distress over the nation’s policies. Flag burning is viewed as a form of symbolic speech. The state of Texas argued the preservation of the flag as a symbol of nationhood and national unity and also the preservation of a breach of the peace. They said burning of the flag as a means of expressions is not protected under the 1st amendment. Through Texas’ view, though the First Amendment does protect symbolic speech, there should be an exception to prohibit burning of the