Healthcare-Associated Infections

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are infections that patients develop during the course of receiving healthcare treatment for other conditions. They can happen after treatment in healthcare facilities including hospitals as well as outpatient surgery centers, dialysis centers, long-term care facilities such as nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, and community clinics. They can also arise during the course of treatment at home. A wide range of common and uncommon bacteria, fungi, and viruses can initiate HAIs. HAIs are the most common complication of hospital care, occurring in approximately one in every 25 patients. The following HAIs occurring in hospitalized patients are required to be reported to the California Department of Public …show more content…
These have an important protective role by stopping establishment by pathogenic microorganisms. Some commensal bacteria may cause contagion if the natural host is conceded. For example, cutaneous coagulase negative staphylococci cause intravascular line infection and intestinal Escherichia coli are the utmost mutual reason of urinary infection. Pathogenic microbes have greater virulence, and cause contagions either sporadic or epidemic regardless of host status. Some examples of some microbes are Anaerobic Gram-positive rods cause gangrene, Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus which cutaneous microorganisms that colonize the skin and nose of both hospital staff and patients and cause a wide variation of lung, bone, heart and bloodstream contagions and are often resistant to antibiotics; beta-hemolytic streptococci are also vital. Gram-negative microbes such as Enterobacteriaceae may take over sites when the host defenses are compromised and cause serious infections. They may also be tremendously resistant. Gram-negative organisms such as Pseudomonasspp often isolated in water and damp areas. They may colonize the digestive tract of hospitalized …show more content…
Development in the antibiotic treatment of bacterial infections has significantly reduced death from many contagious diseases. Patients can obtain HAIs in different ways such as, acute care within hospitals, same-day surgical centers, ambulatory outpatient care, in health care clinics, and long-term care facilities. Four HAIs sites are; Urinary infections 80% of infections are related with the use of an indwelling bladder catheter. Surgical site infections are frequent and the incidence fluctuates from 0.5 to 15% depending on the type of operation and patient standing. Nosocomial bacteremia infection may occur at the skin entry site of the intravascular device and gastroenteritis, which is the most common nosocomial infection in children. A Pennsylvania hospital is telling about 1,300 open-heart surgery patients that could have been exposed to a bacterial infection after identifying eight patients who contracted nontuberculous mycobacterium, or

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