Hemodialysis

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There are 5 types of dialysis. The two main ones are hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The secondary ones are hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration and intestinal dialysis. However, hemodialysis is used in patients with AKI.For this reason we will emphasize on hemodialysis in this thesis.
In peritoneal dialysis a sterile solution with glucose is made to flow in the peritoneal cavity with the peritoneal membrane acting as the semi permeable membrane. The dialysate absorbs the waste products there and is then drained out. This cycle is repeated 4-5 times in a day.29,30
Hemofiltration is similar to hemodialysis, but it works on a different principle. No dialysate is used in hemofiltration. A pressure gradient is set up causing water to move across …show more content…
Usually, the cephalic vein is anastomosed to the radial artery. In other cases, if the patient has his vein damaged due to repeated venepuncture, an arteriovenous graft using polytetrafluoroethylene is used to interpose between an artery and a vein. It acts like a dialysis tunnel. This poses the risk of thrombosis however. Intravenous large bore catheters are usually placed in the internal jugular vein or external jugular vein or femoral vein or subclavian vein, under the skin. These are used if the arteriovenous graft or fistulas have …show more content…
The vein can be the superior vena cava or internal jugular vein,usually the right one,or the subclavian vein or in the femoral vein.Catheters are inserted in the neck.Catheters can be cuffed or uncuffed.The uncuffed catheters are used in emergencies and can be used for up to 3 weeks.The cuffed ones can be used for more than 3 weeks if there are no other

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