Middle passage = The Middle Passage was the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of people from Africa were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade. Ships departed Europe for African markets with manufactured goods, which were traded for purchased or kidnapped Africans, who were transported across the Atlantic as slaves; the slaves were then sold or traded for raw materials, which would be transported back to Europe to complete the voyage. Voyages on the Middle Passage were a large financial undertaking, and they were generally organized by companies or groups of investors rather than individuals.
No taxation without rep = is a slogan originating during the 1750s and 1760s that summarized a primary grievance of the British colonists in the Thirteen Colonies, which was one of the major causes of the American Revolution. In short, many in those colonies believed that, as they were not directly represented in the distant British Parliament, any laws it passed taxing the colonists (such as the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act) were illegal under the Bill of Rights 1689, and were a denial of their rights as Englishmen.
Albany congress/ Albany plan of union = was a proposal to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by Benjamin Franklin,
Proclamation of 1763 = was issued October 7, 1763, by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War, in which it forbade settlers from settling past a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains
Declaration of Indepence = which announced that the thirteen American colonies, then at war with Great Britain, regarded themselves as independent states, and no longer a part of the British Empire.
Thomas Paine's Common sense = that inspired people in the Thirteen Colonies to declare and fight for independence from Great Britain in the summer of 1776.
Consititutional Convention = was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one
Articles of Confederation = was an agreement among the 13 founding states that established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution
Virginia and kentucky resolutions= The Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 argued that each individual state has the power to declare that federal laws are unconstitutional and void. The Kentucky Resolution of 1799 added that when the states determine that a law is unconstitutional, nullification by the states is the proper remedy. The Virginia Resolutions of 1798 refer to "interposition" to express the idea that the states have a right to "interpose" to prevent harm caused by unconstitutional laws. The Virginia Resolutions contemplate joint action by the states. alien and sedition acts = The acts increased the residency requirement for American citizenship from five to fourteen years, and allowed the president to imprison or deport aliens which were considered "dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States". They also restricted speech which was critical of the federal government. Authored by the Federalists, the laws were designed under the guise of national security but were regarded as an attempt to silence and weaken the Democratic-Republican Party. elections of 1800, 1824 and