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Chapter 8
Chemical Equations and
Reactions
Table of Contents
Section 1 Describing Chemical Reactions
Section 2 Balancing Chemical Equations
Section 3 Classifying Chemical Reactions
Section 4 Writing Net Ionic Equations
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Chapter 8
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Reactions
Bellringer
For the following situations, list observations that you think indicate that a chemical reaction has taken place:
• a cut apple turns brown
• an egg changes when it cooks
• a log burns
• a car rusts
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Chapter 8
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Reactions
Objectives
• List evidence that suggests that a chemical reaction has occurred and evidence that proves that a chemical reaction has occurred.
• Describe a chemical reaction by using a word equation and a formula equation.
• Interpret notations in formula equations, such as those relating to states of matter or reaction conditions. Chapter menu
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Chapter 8
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Reactions
Chemical Reaction
• A chemical reaction is the process by which one or more substances change into one or more new substances. • Reactants are the original substances in a chemical reaction. • Products are the substances that are created in a chemical reaction.
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Chapter 8
Visual Concepts
Chemical Reaction
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Chapter 8
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Reactions
Evidence of a Chemical Reaction
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Chapter 8
Visual Concepts
Signs of a Chemical Reaction
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Chapter 8
Visual Concepts
Precipitate
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Chapter 8
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Reactions
Evidence of a Chemical Reaction
• solution color changes
• solution bubbles
• copper is used up
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Chapter 8
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Reactions
Chemical Reaction Versus Physical Change
• chemical change – new substance forms with properties that differ from original substance
• density
• boiling point
• melting point
• physical change - changes of state
• evaporation
• condensation
• melting
• freezing
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Chapter 8
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Reactions
Reactions and Energy Changes
• Energy can be released in a chemical reaction. methane + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy
Energy is a product.
• Energy can be absorbed in a chemical reaction. dinitrogen tetroxide + energy nitrogen dioxide
Energy is a reactant.
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Chapter 8