Integumentary System Essay

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Integumentary System
DHO 6:3 pg 113-117
Wkbk pg 40-41

Integumentary System

Integumentary System
Integumentary system includes:
Skin (dermis, epidermis, subcutaneous fascia or hypodermis)
Glands (sweat and oil glands)
Hair
Nails

Integumentary System
3 layers:
Epidermis – outermost layer; made of five small layers; no blood vessels or nerve cells
Dermis – middle layer, framework of elastic connective tissue and contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, involuntary muscle, sweat and oil glands and hair follicles
Subcutaneous fascia or hypodermis– innermost layer; consists of connective tissue and adipose tissue; connects skin to muscles

Integumentary System
Glands:
Sudoriferous glands (sweat glands)
Sebaceous glands (oil glands)

Integumentary System
Functions of integumentary system:
Protection
Sensory perception
Body temperature regulation
Storage
Absorption
Excretion
Production

Integumentary System
Pigmentation:
Skin color is inherited and determined by pigments in the skin
Melanin – brownish-black pigment that leads to brown, black or yellow tint to skin depending on racial origin
Carotene – yellowish-red pigment that helps determine skin color
Albino – an individual with the absence of color pigments (skin is pinkish and hair is pale yellow or white, eyes are red and very sensitive to light)

Integumentary System
Abnormal pigmentations of the skin:
Erythema
Jaundice
Cyanosis

Integumentary System
Skin eruptions:
Macules
Papules
Vesicles
Pustules
Crusts
Wheals
Ulcer

Integumentary System
Diseases and Abnormal Conditions:

Acne vulgaris
Athlete’s foot
Cancer
Dermatitis
Eczema

Impetigo
Psoriasis
Ringworm
Verrucae

Integumentary System
What are papillae?
Ridges that form the striations on the skin; covers the top of the dermis
How do they provide a method of identification? The ridges cause a pattern unique to each individual (ex. Fingerprints and footprints) Integumentary System
What is the proper name for sweat glands? Sudoriferous glands
Name 3 substances found in perspiration. Water, salts and body waste

Integumentary System
What is the proper name for oil glands? Sebaceous glands
What are the functions of oil glands?
Produces sebum which keeps skin and hair from being dry and brittle; also, prevents infection (contains antibacterial and antifungal secretions) Integumentary System
What is alopecia?
Baldness, permanent hair loss of hair on the scalp; experienced mainly by males but can also effect females

Integumentary System
What happens when blood vessels dilate? Heat escapes through the skin
How does this regulate temperature?
By heat escaping, the body is able to cool; prevents overheating

Integumentary System
What happens when blood vessels constrict? Heat is retained in the body
How does this regulate temperature?
By retaining heat, the body can stay warm and prevent
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