The change of the father and the roles the mother and children play in the novel reveals the sufferings of Japanese Americans at that time vividly and draws attention to that history. After the Pearl Harbor Attack on December 7th 1941, the U.S. opened hostilities with Japan and the relationship between the two countries reached a tense situation. The profound influence of the war is that numerous Japanese started their sufferings and hardships in the next several years. At the start of the war, the American government took a series of measures aimed at Japanese Americans in the U.S. All the Japanese Americans, no matter who they were, adults or children, had been suspected spies. On the other hand, what is more significant, the namelessness of the characters also indicates the loss of their identities. Because they are Japanese American, they are different from the real American natives in their habits, world views and values. They live in an environment with mixed American and Japanese cultures. They are even obsessed with their Japanese identities in American
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