Muscles: A Brief Summary Of Joint Movements

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A summary of example joint movements and joint types have been attached. Each movement made by a synovial joint is the direct result of the contraction and/or relaxation of the muscles involved in the working joint. The structural shape is what determines the level and range of motion – the range of motion of a limb, however, may vary when multiple joints work together. The movements experienced, excluding circumduction and rotation, occur in pairs.

The first movement that occurs at Ball-and-Socket, Hinge, Saddle and Condyloid joints is flexion-extension. This motion is when the limb involved moves anteriorly or posteriorly; when the limb moves anteriorly (Flexion) the angle of the joint decreases, conversely, when the limb moves posteriorly (Extension) the angle of the joint increases. An individual throwing a ball highlights how a Ball-and-Socket joint (the glenhumeral joint) and Hinge joint (the elbow) work together to perform this action. The shoulder horizontally flexes and the elbow flexes. Whereas, the driving phase of a sprint focus on the lower limb; the hip (Ball-and-Socket) hyperextends, the knee (Hinge) extends and the ankle (Hinge) plantar flexes. In some cases when the joint hyperextends or hyper-flexes injury may occur as it is outside the joint’s normal range of motion. …show more content…
Abduction is defined as moving the limb away from the body, whereas, adduction is moving the limb back towards the body. The movement occurs in the frontal plane. This paired motion occurs at the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints (Condyloid), the glenohumeral joint (Ball-and-Socket) and the carpometacarpal (Saddle). An example of this occurring at a Ball-and-Socket joint is an individual doing star
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