Notes On Chemical Reactivity

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* Chemical Reactivity

* Chemical reactivity is the tendency of a substance to undergo chemical changes in a system. * They have 8 valence electrons in the outermost shell and following the octet rule they will not gain or lose electrons * Alkaline metals are reactive because they contain one electron in their outer shell. Halogens are reactive because they contain seven electrons in their outer shell. The closer the number is to one or seven, the more reactive the element is

* Valence Electrons

* an electron in the outer shell of an atom which can combine with other atoms to form molecules. * They are all trying to follow the octet rule which states that all atoms need 8 electrons in their outermost shell in order to be stable * the tendency of an atom or radical to attract electrons in the formation of an ionic bond. It decreases as you move left and down

Ionic Bonding and Compounds * Ionic bonds for when two ions become attracted to each other through electrostatic force. The objective for an Ion is to obtain the electron configuration of a noble gas. * an ionic compound is a chemical compound in which ions are held together in a lattice structure by ionic bonds * salts are ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base * when an acid and a base react in a neutralization reaction

Sharing Electrons

* covalent bonds * so the atoms in the compound can all have 8 valence electrons * It makes them meet the Octet Rule, when elements reach this rule they become stable. * The distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy, that is, the average distance between two bonded atoms, is the bond length

Covalent Bonds and Compounds * a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between

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