Nt1310 Unit 3 Network Analysis

The internetwork environment consists of hosts connected to networks that are in turn interconnected via gateways. The networks may be either Local Area Networks (LAN) or Wide Area Networks (WAN).
Within a business organization at a single location, the computer network is usually LAN. When the business organization needs to communicate with other business or individuals at a different location, a WAN network is created to connect the different sites together. These different types of networks are often connected by using TCP/IP protocol.
The TCP/IP protocols correspond to the Transport layer and Network layer of the OSI model. The TCP/IP protocol suite defines two standard transport protocols: TCP and UDP. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) …show more content…
It is the basic communication language or protocol used for Internet and similar networks such as Internet and Extranet. TCP/IP represents a group of protocols that are used for transferring data over networks. These protocols includes the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), the File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Telnet which lets you logon to remote computers and the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).
TCP/IP manages the transmission of data on the Internet by breaking the data into small pieces called packets. Each packet contains actual data and address part i.e. addresses of destination and source.
TCP which is the higher layer that breaks message or file into smaller packets that are transmitted over the Internet. It also reassembles the packets into the original message that are received from Internet. IP which is the lower part handles the address part of each packet so that it can be transmitted to the right destination. Each gateway on the network checks this address to see where to forward the …show more content…
Several types of protocols work on this Application layer and some of them are HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), DNS (Domain Name System), Telnet.
• Transport: This layer receive variable-length messages from the application layer and it will break them down into units of manageable size, transferred in packets.
The purpose of Transport Layer is to permit devices on the source and destination hosts to carry on a conversation. Transport Layer set up Virtual Circuits (when needed) and is also responsible for Segmentation and Reassembly (reconstructing the original message into a single whole) at the receiving end.
One of its main function is to shield the upper layer application from the complexities of the network. These protocols will say to the upper layer, “Just give me your data, with any instructions, and we’ll begin the process of getting your information ready for sending.” The two main protocols at this layer are TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).
• Internet: The application layer packets in datagrams is transmitted by the internet layer, passing them to different connections on the data’s

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