Nt1310 Unit 9 Lab Report

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Be sure to check eCampus for the due date. These questions cover the lecture and readings on signal transduction and the cytoskeleton.
Review questions:
1. Use one sketch to help you describe the steps that occur in order for the following events to occur in a skeletal muscle cell.
a. Depolarization of the muscle cell membrane

Voltage-gated channels opens and responses to changes in membrane potential. Rapid depolarization of the muscle cell membrane is caused by opening of the Na+ voltage-gated channels. Depolarization triggers sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to release Ca2+ → lead to muscle contraction.
b. myosin is able to bind actin filaments (in order for muscle contraction to occur)

ATP binds to …show more content…
After Na positive charge ions get inside the membrane, it will trigger an action potential that will spread in the membrane therefore it depolarizes. Ca will be triggered after depolarization and it will be released from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Ca will bind to troponin and it will initiate contraction. So as long as we have Ca++ to binds to troponin and ATP to binds to myosin and form the cross bridge that I talked about in the last question, the muscle cell should continue to …show more content…
Answer the following questions for both actin filaments and microtubules:
a. describe at the molecular level one way in which cells control polymerization
Tubulin dimers undergo a process of polymerization to form microtubules. However, actin filaments are composed by different fibrous proteins. GTP binds to β-tubulin to regulate polymerization through conversion of GTP to GDP. Shortly after polymerization GDP lowers the binding affinity of bound tubulin molecules to adjacent molecules. ATP binds to actin filaments to regulate polymerization in which polymerization process reduces ATP to ADP then weakening the ability of actin filaments for adjacent molecules. Nucleation (initiated by formin) plays another role in forming actin filament as it is the rate limiting step to form actin filaments in their appropriate configuration.
b. describe at the molecular level one way in which cells control depolymerization
Depolymerisation of the actin and microtubules is influenced by the presence of bounded ADP and GDP respectively since they weaken the affinity of actin and tubulin filaments respectively to bind to adjacent molecules.
c. explain ONE consequence of treating an animal cell with a drug that binds actin monomers and prevents their
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