Peritoneal Dialysis Procedure

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Dialysis is a procedure that replaces some of the work healthy kidneys do. It is done when you lose about 85–90% of your kidney function, and sometimes earlier if your symptoms may be improved by dialysis. During dialysis, wastes, salt, and extra water are removed from the blood and the level of certain chemicals in the blood (such as potassium) is maintained. Peritoneal dialysis is a type of dialysis in which the thin lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) and a fluid called dialysate are used to do these tasks.
ExitCare ImageBefore beginning peritoneal dialysis you will have surgery to place a thin, plastic tube (catheter) in your abdomen. The catheter will be small, soft, and easy to conceal. It will be used to transfer a fluid called dialysate …show more content…
Dialysate contains a sugar that pulls wastes, salt, and extra water from the blood. These substances pass through the peritoneum and into the dialysate over the course of several hours. At the end of the session the dialysate is drained from the body. The abdomen is then refilled with dialysate and the procedure is repeated. The process of draining and filling the abdomen with dialysate is called an exchange. The time the dialysate is in your body between exchanges is called a dwell. The dwell depends on the number of exchanges needed, the type of dialysate used, and the characteristics of the peritoneum. It usually varies from 1.5–3 …show more content…
The dialysate should be clear. You should be able to see any writing on the side of the bag clearly through the solution. Do not use a cloudy solution.
Check the expiration date. The expiration date is on the label. If it is past the expiration date, throw the bag away.
Warm the dialysate using a dry heating pad. Leave the dialysate in the bag with the cover on while doing this. Do not use a microwave or hot water to warm the dialysate.
If you are using a cycler, make sure it is set up and programmed correctly.
HOW TO PERFORM AN EXCHANGE

The following steps illustrate how exchanges are commonly performed. The actual way in which an exchange should be performed varies depending on the equipment used and other factors. Always perform exchanges in exactly the way that your health care provider has trained you to. Remember to always wash your hands before touching any tubing. This is extremely important in preventing infection.
CAPD
Hang your bag of dialysate above the level of your abdomen on the IV pole.
Place a drain bag below your abdomen.
Pull out the ring of y-shaped tubing that connects both bags.
Uncap the tube that is connected to your catheter (transfer set) and immediately attach it to the y-shaped tubing of the dialysate and drain
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